Elies Wiesel And Night :: essays research papers

Elie's Wiesel and Night Do you see that smokestack over yonder? See it? Do you see those blazes? Over yonder that is the place you will be taken. That is your grave, over yonder. Haven't you understand it yet? You moronic rats, don't you get anything? You're going to be singed. Frizzed away. Transformed into remains. Night is one of the perfect works of art of Holocaust writing. It is the personal record of a youthful kid and his dad in Auschwitz. Elie Wiesel composes of their fight for endurance, and with his fight with God for a approach to comprehend the wanton cold-bloodedness he saw every day. Elie Wiesel was conceived in a little, calm town called Sighet, in transylvania where he had carried on with the entirety of his young life. Calm until the 1940's, the point at which the city, also, squeeze himself charged for ever, similarly as Europe, and so far as that is concerned the world. One day they ousted all the outsiders of the city, and Wiesels ace in the investigation of cabbala (Jewish magic) of an outsider so he was ousted as well. The deportees were before long overlooked, he composes. Anyway a couple of lines later he clarifies why this is significant, and gives the peruser a thought of what was happening in the psyches of the jews living where he did. He recounted to his story (alluding to the ousted Rabbi) and that of his colleagues. The train loaded with deportees had crossed the Hungarian wilderness and on Polish region had been taken in control by the Gestapo. The jews needed to get out and move into lorries. The lorries dove towards a woodland. The jews were made to get out. They were made to burrow colossal graves. What's more, when they had completed their work, the Gestapo started theirs. Without energy, without taste, they butchered their

The prices of basic and manufactured products Essay Example

The costs of essential and fabricated items Essay Essential items are typically important for everybody; despite the fact that the cost changes individuals need to get them. It is entirely expected to see particular offers and advancements inside essential marked items like rice and milk, however they follow a general cost. The costs likewise rely upon the conditions like climate and transport. This is the motivation behind why they are continually fluctuating. Fabricated items have progressively stable costs since they are not devoured often and on the grounds that the interest relies upon the cost. In any case, there are additionally different motivations to comprehend the steadiness of these merchandise. Above all else, fundamental items are the crude items, which can be handled; they vary from assembling industry because of organic character of its type of creation. Value changes appear as genuinely customary cycles extra time. Fabricated items utilize fundamental wares as a major aspect of their data sources. A contrast between them is that for the yield of an essential ware there is a period slack before a planned development underway really is accessible or deal in the market. Made item enterprisers have the opportunity and plausibility of changing the item due to an adjustment in the interest. When there is overproduction of products that can be spoiled, costs decline, in some cases the enterprisers want to cover up or consume the merchandise to keep up the balance. It is simpler to control the creation of fabricated merchandise making their value progressively steady. We will compose a custom paper test on The costs of fundamental and made items explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on The costs of essential and made items explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on The costs of essential and made items explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Terrible climate now and again stops a few items to be shared, creating shortage, so costs increment. For instance huaycos in Per㠯⠿â ½ stop the trucks that bring lemon or vegetables, so general stores increment the cost in light of the fact that these are vital items so individuals would by at any rate. For a fundamental decent, the interest of marked item like Coste㠯⠿â ½o rice changes a great deal contingent upon the value given. For instance, in the event that somebody is utilized to purchase 1 kg of rice for seven days of a determinate brand at a given cost, if a fitness brand diminishes value, this individual might be happy to purchase this other brand on the grounds that the rice is the equivalent. Be that as it may, he would keep purchasing rice. On the off chance that this individual doesnt care about rice and he found that cost of rise is high, he would most likely lean toward purchasing potatoes rather than rice. Fundamental items are frequently purchased, so individuals thinks part about the costs however this doesnt mean an incredible change popular. The variety of the amount requested is not exactly the variety of costs of an item, so fundamental wares are inelastic. This implies the costs can be changed and individuals would not quit getting them. The costs are not steady. For instance, gas for vehicles is inelastic, in such a case that cost builds as per the global market, individuals would keep getting it, maybe less amount yet the change is least. Salt for instance, has no substitutes, so it is inelastic, the brands are increasingly versatile, yet salt as item is less flexible. So individuals get them in spite of the fact that the value changes. For fabricated items is unique. Individuals decide to purchase as indicated by their chance, cost and resemblance. Made items like pasta, cleanser and vehicles have various brands. The variety of the amount requested is more than the variety of the costs of an item; so made items will in general be versatile. This implies if costs changes individuals purchase different things, this make the cost of this sort of items increasingly steady. There are exemptions additionally: in the event that somebody can purchase a Mercedes Benz Car, he wont purchase a Toyota since it is less expensive, he would purchase the Mercedes Benz on the grounds that he like it. Be that as it may, if another better brand shows up maybe the interest for Mercedes Benz would incline toward the new, progressively costly and better vehicle. There is consistently an adjustment in the interest, more than the variety of costs. As made items are infrequently purchased, the interest and costs rely upon the substitutes and capability. Advancements additionally increment the interest for items, if a few brands promote an essential ware item individuals purchase a greater amount of them and maybe leave aside different items and brands. So individuals can pick making fabricated items costs stable. In a short run it is difficult to increment or lessening creation of a fundamental item since it requires some investment to get them from nature, so items are less versatile. A superior clarification for this is there is a period slack previously and expected extension underway really is accessible or deal in the market. The choice by makers to change their yield relies upon the premise of the present market cost. In this manner, supplies in year 2 are subject to costs really got in year 1, instead of what is relied upon to be gotten in year 2. Makers are numerous and they each take choices to alter their size of creation as indicated by their own accommodation. So these conditions make that if supplies happen to be rare in one timespan, the elevated level of the market-clearing cost will urge makers to start a significant extension underway. This ascent underway will at the appointed time discourage showcase costs, which invigorates a significant compression in the size of creation. Indicating the reasons of change of fundamental products flexibly and costs. A case of a move in gracefully was the overabundance of potatoes in 1992 in Britain prompted producers accepting exceptionally low costs. A case of a leftward move in the gracefully bend would be the effect of ice harm on espresso in Brazil in June 1994. In September 1994 a hurricane going through the Caribbean stripped the banana crop in the Windward Islands, bringing about lost fare profit of a large number of dollars for Dominica, Grenada, Sta Lucia and St Vicent For essential items the distinction in amount provided is not exactly the distinction in costs, making it moderately inelastic. For these items, when cost increments in spite of the fact that makers need to build creation, they cant in view of need time. For made items, the limit of expanding yield can be overseen as indicated by the innovation. So gracefully is increasingly versatile. The salary flexibility for essential items is low, since rich individuals, as their pay expands they don't accepting increasingly fundamental items, however they increment their fabricated items. So extravagance items have higher pay flexibility, for them. This additionally makes the fundamental items less steady as rich individuals dont care about the cost, and make sumptuous and fabricated item steady, as individuals care about the cost. Needy individuals just figure out how to purchase fundamental need items, so as there is increasingly needy individuals the interest for these items is more noteworthy making the bends progressively touchy. Some essential items costs additionally rely upon universal understandings, for instance copper, gold, espresso, cocoa and oil. Espresso costs are among the most unpredictable in global ware markets. Variances sought after and flexibly conditions can cause enormous swings in showcase costs for makers. One key factor is the command over market flexibly designed by the Association of espresso Producing nations like Brazil and Colombia, by looking for a harmony between world gracefully and request the ACPC intends to balance out espresso costs at levels that are reasonable and profitable to makers but steady with expanding utilization. Anyway it was consented to have a cost fluctuating between 95 pennies for every pound as the floor and 105 pennies as the roof. The developing worldwide interest for chocolate has helped push the cost of cocoa up to half inside 2 months and prompted fears of lack to come. The worldwide yield has dropped on account of climate issues in the fundamental world maker nation: Ivory Coast So this factor shows the precariousness of fundamental products as cocoa. The worldwide network no longer keeps up enormous loads of products as it is utilized to, with an end goal to balance out the wages got by item makers. Ranchers and providers of different products are currently considerably more powerless against the swings in worldwide market costs. Ware costs are especially touchy to general changes in the economies of nations that expend them. The worldwide oil showcase is set under day by day investigation since oil is maybe the most significant universally exchanged ware. World costs vary in light of changes sought after and gracefully. Oil is a basic contribution to the creation procedures of numerous ventures. The interest for oil likewise originates from family unit purchasers to meet their vitality prerequisites. Also, raw petroleum is refined into oil based goods for transport. This makes the oil request continually develop. The OPEC had accomplished significant cuts in all out creation in 1999, in the wake of the breakdown of oil costs in 1997 as a result of the Asian financial emergency. There was pressure on the OPEC cartel to cut yield and raise cost so as to support income from oil fares to remake their own local economies. An internal move in oil flexibly coordinated with an expansion sought after causes an expansion popular causes an increment in harmony cost. Oil flexibly from non-OPEC nations was influenced by reductions in capital speculation spending when oil costs dropped in the late 1990s. So once more, a fundamental item endures of fluctuating interest and costs, making them not steady. For fabricated items, the undertakings are accountable for estimating they benefits and compute reasonable cost for their items, associations cannot talk about the costs. So if different nations need our made items, they need to dad

How People With PTSD Experience Emotions

How People With PTSD Experience Emotions PTSD Coping Print How People With PTSD Experience Emotions By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Updated on October 22, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children martin-dm / Getty Images People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may sometimes experience their emotions as unpleasant, unpredictable and uncontrollable. However, our emotions are necessary parts of our lives. They serve very important functions, and we wouldnt be able to get by each day without them. Do you know some of the very important functions that emotions play in our lives? The information that follows outline why emotions, even when uncomfortable, are critical. Emotions and Types of Emotional Responses Emotions Communicate Information to Other People Our emotions tell other people how we are feeling. For example, the expression of anger may tell someone that we should be left alone or anxiety and sadness may tell someone that we need help. As a result, its important that we feel our feelings rather than avoid upsetting emotions. Emotions Provide Us with Information Emotions give us information about our environment. For example, when we experience anxiety, we are given information that we may be in danger. When we experience anger, we might be provided with information that we do not have control or that someone has violated our rights in some way. Our emotions are our bodies way of communicating with us. Listen to what they have to say. Emotions Get Us Ready to Act Emotions allow us to respond quickly and motivate us to act in certain ways. Because our emotions provide us with information about our environment, they also guide us in acting in ways that are appropriate to the situation. When you sense danger or feel threatened, you may respond by leaving the situation. Avoidance might be called for in some cases, but its not always helpful or necessary. Emotions Deepen Our Experience of Life Life would be very boring without emotions. We need both our positive (happiness, excitement, joy) and negative (anger, anxiety, sadness) emotions. We may sometimes wish that we could get rid of all of our negative emotions; however, the experience of negative emotions is necessary to make positive emotions feel as exhilarating as they do. Increasing Your Awareness of Your Emotions Our emotions are necessary and important. However, the only way we can learn from our emotions is if we have awareness of them when they occur. Therefore, it can be important to learn ways of increasing your awareness of your emotions. The more aware you are of your emotions, the better able you will be in hearing what they have to say. Managing Your Emotions Now, just because emotions serve an important function does not mean that they arent stressful at times. Emotions, especially very intense ones, can be overwhelming. Therefore, it can be helpful to learn ways to bring down the intensity of emotions so you can better approach it and learn from it. There are a number of healthy ways of managing your emotions that can help make your emotions feel less unpredictable and uncontrollable. Even though emotions may sometimes feel unpleasant, they are all working for us in some way. By listening to our emotions, we can get some important information about our environment and ourselves. 6 Ways to Manage Intense Emotions in PTSD

Heterogeneous vs. Homogeneous Mixtures

The terms heterogeneous and homogeneous refer to mixtures of materials in chemistry. The difference between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures is the degree to which the materials are mixed together and the uniformity of their composition. A homogeneous mixture is a mixture where the components that make up the mixture are uniformly distributed throughout the mixture. The composition of the mixture is the same throughout. There is only one phase of matter observed in a homogeneous mixture. So, you wouldnt observe both a liquid and a gas or a liquid and a solid in a homogeneous mixture. 1:43 Watch Now: What's the Difference Between Homogeneous and Heterogeneous? Homogeneous Mixture Examples There are several examples of homogeneous mixtures encountered in everyday life: AirSugar waterRainwaterVodkaVinegarDishwashing detergentSteel You cant pick out components of a homogeneous mixture or use a simple mechanical means to separate them. You cant see individual chemicals or ingredients in this type of mixture. Only one phase of matter is present in a homogeneous mixture. A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture where the components of the mixture are not uniform or have localized regions with different properties. Different samples from the mixture are not identical to each other. There are always two or more phases in a heterogeneous mixture, where you can identify a region with properties that are distinct from those of another region, even if they are the same state of matter (e.g., liquid, solid). Heterogeneous Mixture Examples Heterogeneous mixtures are more common than homogeneous mixtures. Examples include: Cereal in milkVegetable soupPizzaBloodGravelIce in sodaSalad dressingMixed nutsBowl of colored candiesSoil Usually, its possible to physically separate components of a heterogeneous mixture. For example, you can centrifuge (spin out) solid blood cells to separate them from the plasma of blood. You can remove ice cubes from soda. You can separate candies according to color. Telling Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Mixtures Apart Mostly, the difference between the two types of mixtures is a matter of scale. If you look closely at sand from a beach, you can see the different components, such as shells, coral, sand, and organic matter. Its a heterogeneous mixture. If, however, you view a large volume of sand from a distance, its impossible to discern the different types of particles. The mixture is homogeneous. This can seem confusing! To identify the nature of a mixture, consider its sample size. If you can see more than one phase of matter or different regions in the sample, it is heterogeneous. If the composition of the mixture appears uniform no matter where you sample it, the mixture is homogeneous.

Change Is the Only Constant - 1006 Words

ASSIGNMENT –II (Quality Management) â€Å"Change is the only constant† ASSIGNED BY: SUBMITTED BY: RUPAM BARUAH BARSHA DUTTA ASSAM INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT â€Å"Change is the only constant† Life is continuously changing. People move, children grow up, careers change, health is compromised, people gain their health back, the climate changes, and life cycles begin and end. Whether a person can adapt to these changes and become a proactive participant in a constantly changing world is a key component in â€Å"full†¦show more content†¦The crying that worked well as an infant does not work nearly as well for the toddler. Adolescence is that period between childhood and adulthood during which time our perceptions change and it frightens most of us as we struggle through it. On the other side of adolescence is where adulthood and maturity awaits. Having enough life experience and increasing our ability to keep an open mind will allow for the natural maturing process to occur. However, keep in mind there can be snags along the way. It is the purpose of this article to introduce the concept of maturity and the topic of Universal Axioms. Then you will begin to be abl e to identify what areas of your life lack this maturity. You will then be given the tools to create a path for yourself that will pull you out of your immaturity and into a life of change and open-mindedness. This will ultimately lead you to a happier more fulfilling life. SOURCE:Show MoreRelatedChange Is the Only Constant991 Words   |  4 Pages(Quality Management) â€Å"Change is the only constant† ASSIGNED BY: SUBMITTED BY: RUPAM BARUAH BARSHA DUTTA ASSAM INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT â€Å"Change is the only constant† Life is continuously changing. People move, children grow up, careers change, health is compromisedRead MoreEssay on Chapter 1 Business Now: Change Is the Only Constant1665 Words   |  7 PagesChapter One Business Now: Change Is the Only Constant Review Questions What factors contribute to the rapid pace of change in business? Is the pace likely to accelerate or decrease over the next decade? Why? Financial Institutions got a bailout By President Obama in 2009, Mortgage values dropped, financial institutions begin to Feel the pressure especially firms such as Bear Stearns that specialized in trading Mortgage backed securities. There was $61.7bn in losses withRead MoreArguments Against Constant Pursuit Of Change985 Words   |  4 Pages Arguments against constant pursuit of change Name Institution Introduction For any organization, new or experienced in an industry, the major aim and goal is to stay in the market longer. For this to happen, management is entrusted with the role of ensuring that the organization adopts strategies that are in line with the set goals. Different mangers adopt different approaches in management. At time when competition is continuously rising, constant change emerges as the most preferredRead MoreThe Equation Of Equilibrium Constant1365 Words   |  6 PagesKeq was only 6.8 which comes out to be a 6. percent error. Due to our deviation being so low it indicates that the equilibrium constant is indeed a â€Å"constant†. Questions: In the lab it uses the definition equilibrium constant, what is meant when equilibrium constant is referred to, is the ratio of the molar concentrations of the reactants and products for the reaction. But in order for the ratio to be accurate the system must of reached equilibrium and temperature must have stayed constant. The valueRead MoreComptuer Studies Ruby Notes838 Words   |  4 Pagesclass. Objects are instances of classes. Methods define what an object can do and properties describe it. Constants start with a capital letter, sometimes they are all caps e.g. INTEREST = 0.012 #setting constant INTEREST to 1.2% DOZEN = 12 #setting constant DOZEN to 12 Constants and variables store information in the memory for the duration of the use of the program. Like RAM? Constants can’t be changed but variables can be reassigned based on certain properties and data. Different types ofRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem I Do My Utmost Essay1229 Words   |  5 Pagesopposites. The constant is being oneself and impartial to all the things that may be pushed towards the individual. â€Å"The myriad creatures all rise together/And I watch their return.† As opposed to the focus on a singular perspective, this passage suggests that it is imperative for people to understand the essential changes in the world as a whole. The passage indicates that there are two polar sides – a rise and a return. Transformation and change remain as important aspects of life. Change is a sourceRead MoreMontaigne s Skepticism Argument Of Constant Flux902 Words   |  4 Pages Montaigne’s Skepticism Argument of Constant Flux This skeptical argument is based around the premise that there is no constant existence. This means that there is no unchanging being nor nonbeing object. Everything is changing, growing, learning, multiplying, and moving. With constant movement comes constant change of both the known and the knower, and since there is no being nor object that does not change, both the person and their judgement continue flowing, which then allows nothing to be establishedRead MoreThermodynamics and Ideal Gas1202 Words   |  5 Pagesm3, (a) at a constant pressure and (b) at constant temperature. (c) What is the temperature at the end of the process in (a)? (d) What is the pressure at the end of process in (b)? (e) Show both processes in the p-V plane. Problem 2: The temperature of an ideal gas at an initial pressure p1 and volume V1 is increased at constant volume until the pressure is doubled. The gas is then expanded isothermally until the pressure drops to its original value, where it is compre ssed at constant pressure untilRead MoreSlaughterhouse Five, By Kurt Vonnegut1655 Words   |  7 Pagesnot able to control or change the outcome of his events. These events are predestined for him by his fate controlled by some unnamed supernatural power. The challenge is to make sense of the possibility of Billy Pilgrim’s time travelling in the real world for the non-fantastical thinkers. The distorted view of Billy Pilgrim’s life is explained when it is examined as a recording of a past life already lived being seen for him at different sequences. Because Billy cannot change his past life, he needsRead MoreProject 1 Essay691 Words   |  3 PagesAsteroid belt. 6. 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Forrest Gump Chapter Six Free Essays

string(66) " the brush towards Charlie Company, cause I scared outta my wits\." Chapter Six That night was long an uncomfortable. We couldn’t fly our airplanes, so’s they got to shell us most of the evenin for free. They was a little saddle between two ridges, an they was on one ridge an we on the other, an down in the saddle was where the dispute were takin place – tho what anybody would want with that piece of mud an dirt, I do not know. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump Chapter Six or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, Sergeant Kranz have said to us time an again that we was not brought over here to understand what is goin on, only to do what we is tole. Pretty soon, Sergeant Kranz come up an start tellin us what to do. He says we has got to move the machine gun about fifty meters aroun to the lef of a big ole tree stickin up in the middle of the saddle, an fine a good safe place to put it so’s we is not all blowed away. From what I can see an hear, anyplace, includin where we presently are, is not safe, but to go down in that saddle is goddamn absurd. However, I am tryin to do the right thing. Me an Bones, the machine gunner, an Doyle, another ammo bearer, an two other guys crawl out of our holes an start to moving down the little slope. Halfway down, the gooks see us an commence to shootin with they own machine gun. Fore anything bad happens, tho, we has scrambled down the slope an into the jungle. I cannot remember how far a meter is exactly, but it almost the same as a yard, so when we get near the big tree, I say to Doyle, â€Å"Maybe we better move lef,† an he look at me real hard-like, an growl, â€Å"Shut you ass, Forrest, they is gooks here.† Sure nuf, they was six or eight gooks squattin under the big ole tree, havin they lunch. Doyle take a han grenade an pull the pin an sort of lob it into the air toward the tree. It blowed up fore it hit the groun an they is all sorts of wild chatterin from where the gooks is – then Bones open up with the machine gun an me an the two other guys heave in a couple more han grenades for good measure. All of th at gone down in just a minute or so, an when it come quiet again, we be on our way. We foun a place to put the gun an stayed there till it got dark – an all night long, too, but nothin happen. We could hear all sorts of shit goin on everplace else, but we be lef to ourselfs. Sunup come, an we hungry an tired, but there we is. Then a runner come from Sergeant Kranz who say Charlie Company is goin to start movin into the saddle soon as our airplanes have totally wiped out the gooks there, which is to be in a few minutes. Sure enough, the planes come an drop they shit an everthin get exploded an wipe out all the gooks. We can see Charlie Company movin off the ridge line, comin down into the saddle, but no sooner does they get over the edge of the ridge an start strugglin along the slope, than all the weapons in the world commence to shootin at Charlie Company an droppin mortars an all, an it is terrible confusion. From where we is, we cannot see any gooks, on account of the jungle is thick as bonfire brush, but somebody sure be in there shootin at Charlie Company. Maybe it the Dutch – or even the Norwegians – who knows? Bones, the machine gunner, lookin extremely nervous durin all this, on accounta he’s already figgered out that the shootin is comin from in front of us, meanin that the gooks is in between us an our own position. In other words, we is out here alone. Sooner or later, he says, if the gooks do not overrun Charlie Company, they will come back this way, an if they find us here, they will not like it one bit. Point is, we got to move our asses. We get our shit together an begin to work back towards the ridge, but as we do, Doyle suddenly look down off our right to the bottom of the saddle an he see an entire busload of new gooks, armed to the teeth, movin up the hill towards Charlie Company. Best thing we coulda done then was to try an make friends with em an forget all this other shit, but that were not in the cards. So we jus hunkered down in some big ole shrubs an waited till they got to the top of the hill. Then Bones let loose with the machine gun and he must of kilt ten or fifteen of them gooks right off. Doyle an me an the other two guys is thowin grenades, an things is goin our way until Bones runs out of ammo an need a fresh belt. I feed one in for him, but just as he bout to sqeeze the trigger, a gook bullet hit him square in the head an blowed it inside out. He lyin on the ground, han still holdin to the gun for dear life, which he does not have any more of now. Oh God, it were awful – an gettin worst. No tellin what them gooks would of done if they caught us. I call out to Doyle to come here, but they is no answer. I jerk the machine gun from po ole Bones’ fingers an squirm over to Doyle, but he an the two other guys layin there shot. They dead, but Doyle still breathin, so’s I grap him up an thow him over my shoulder like a flour sack an start runnin thru the brush towards Charlie Company, cause I scared outta my wits. You read "Forrest Gump Chapter Six" in category "Essay examples" I runnin for maybe twenty yards an bullets wizzin all aroun me from behin, an I figger I be shot in the ass for sure. But then I crash thru a canebreak an come upon a area with low grass an to my surprise it is filled with gooks, lyin down, lookin the other way, an shootin at Charlie Company – I guess. Now what do I do? I got gooks behin me, gooks in front of me an gooks right under my feet. I don’t know what else to do, so I charge up full speed an start to bellowin an howlin an all. I sort of lose my head, I guess, cause I don’t remember what happen nex cept I still be bellowin an hollerin loud as I can an runnin for dear life. Everthin were completely confused, an then all of a sudden I am in the middle of Charlie Company an everbody be slappin me on the back jus like I made a touchdown. It seem like I done frightened off the gooks an they hightail it back to wherever they live. I put down Doyle on the groun an the medics come an start fixin him up, an pretty soon the Charlie Company commander come up to me an start pumpin my han an tellin me what a good fellow I am. Then he say, â€Å"How in hell did you do that, Gump?† He be waitin for a answer, but I don’t know how I done it mysef, so I says, â€Å"I got to pee† – which I did. The company commander look at me real strange, an then look at Sergeant Kranz, who had also come up, an Sergeant Kranz say, â€Å"Oh, for Chrissakes Gump, come with me,† an he take me behin a tree. That night Bubba an me meet up an share a foxhole an eat our C-rations for supper. Afterward, I get out my harmonica Bubba had gave me an we play a few tunes. It sound real eerie, there in the jungle, playin â€Å"Oh Suzanna† an â€Å"Home on the Range.† Bubba got a little box of candy his mama have sent him – pralines an divinity – an we both ate some. An let me tell you this – that divinity sure brung back some memories. Later on, Sergeant Kranz come over an axe me where is the ten-gallon can of drinkin water. I tole him I done lef it out in the jungle when I was tryin to carry in Doyle an the machine gun. For a minute I think he gonna make me go back out there an get it, but he don’t. He jus nod, an say that since Doyle is hurt an Bones is kilt, now I got to be the machine gunner. I axe him who gonna carry the tri-pod an the ammo an all, an he say I got to do that too, cause nobody else lef to do it. Then Bubba say he’ll do it, if he can get transferred to our company. Sergeant Kranz think bout that for a minute, an then he say it can probly be arranged, since there is not enough lef of Charlie Company to clean a latrine anyway. An so it was, Bubba an me is together again. The weeks go by so slow I almost think time passin backwards. Up one hill, down the other. Sometimes they be gooks on the hills, sometimes not. Sergeant Kranz say everthing okay tho, cause actually we be marchin back to the United States. He say we gonna march outta Vietnam, thru Laos an then up across China an Russia, up to the North Pole an across the ice to Alaska where our mamas can come pick us up. Bubba says don’t pay no attention to him cause he’s a idiot. Things is very primative in the jungle – no place to shit, sleep on the groun like a animal, eat outta cans, no place to take a bath or nothin, clothes is all rottin off too. I get a letter once a week from my mama. She say everthing fine at home, but that the highschool ain’t won no more championships since I done lef. I write her back too, when I can, but what I’m gonna tell her that won’t start her to bawlin again? So I jus say we is havin a nice time an everbody treatin us fine. One thing I done tho, was I wrote a letter to Jenny Curran in care of my mama an axe if she can get Jenny’s folks to send it to her – wherever she is. But I ain’t heard nothin back. Meantime, Bubba an me, we has got us a plan for when we get outta the Army. We gonna go back home an get us a srimp boat an get in the srimpin bidness. Bubba come from Bayou La Batre, an work on srimp boats all his life. He say maybe we can get us a loan an we can take turns bein captain an all, an we can live on the boat an will have somethin to do. Bubba’s got it all figgered out. So many pounds of srimp to pay off the loan on the boat, so much to pay for gas, so much for what we eat an such, an all the rest is left for us to ass aroun with. I be picherin it in my head, standin at the wheel of the srimp boat – or even better, settin there on the back of the boat eatin srimp! But when I tell Bubba bout that, he say, â€Å"Goddamn, Forrest, your big ass’ll eat us outta house an home. We don’t be eatin none of the srimp afore we start makin a profit.† Okay, that make sense – it all right with me. It commenced rainin one day an did not stop for two months. We went thru ever different kind of rain they is, cep’n maybe sleet or hail. It was little tiny stingin rain sometimes, an big ole fat rain at others. It came sidewise an straight down an sometimes even seem to come up from the groun. Nevertheless, we was expected to do our shit, which was mainly walkin up an down the hills an stuff lookin for gooks. One day we foun them. They must of been holdin a gook convention or somethin, cause it seem like the same sort of deal as when you step on a anthill and they all come swarmin aroun. We cannot fly our planes in this kind of stuff either, so in about two minutes or so, we is back in trouble again. This time they has caught us with our pants down. We is crossin this rice paddy an all of a sudden from everwhere they start thowin shit at us. People is shoutin and screamin an gettin shot an somebody says, â€Å"Fall back!† Well, I pick up my machine gun an start running alongside everbody else for some palm trees which at least look like they might keep the rain offen us. We has formed a perimeter of sorts an is gettin ready to start preparin for another long night when I lookaroun for Bubba an he ain’t there. Somebody say Bubba was out in the rice paddy an he is hurt, an I say, â€Å"Goddamn,† an Sergeant Kranz, he hear me, an say, â€Å"Gump, you can’t go out there.† But shit on that – I leave the machine gun behind cause it jus be extra weight, an start pumpin hard for where I last seen Bubba. But halfway out I nearly step on a feller from 2nd platoon who is mighty hurt, an he look up at me with his han out, an so I think, shit, what can I do? so I grap him up an run back with him fast as I can. Bullets an stuff be flyin all over. It is somethin I simply cannot understand – why in hell is we doin all this, anyway? Playin football is one thing. But this, I do not know why. Goddamn. I brung that boy back an run out again an damn if I don’t come across somebody else. So I reach down to pick him up an bring him back, too, but when I do, his brains fall out on the paddy groun, cause the back of his head blowed off. Shit. So I drop his ass an kep on goin an sure enough, there is Bubba, who is been hit twice in the chest, an I say, â€Å"Bubba, it gonna be okay, you hear, cause we gotta get that srimp boat an all,† an I carry him back to where we is set up an layed him on the groun. When I catch my breath, I look down an my shirt all covered with blood an bluish yeller goo from where Bubba is hurt, an Bubba is lookin up at me, an he say, â€Å"Fuck it, Forrest, why this happen?† Well, what in hell am I gonna say? Then Bubba axe me, â€Å"Forrest, you play me a song on the harmonica?† So I get it out, an start playin somethin – I don’t even know what, an then Bubba say, â€Å"Forrest, would you please play ‘Way Down Upon the Swanee River’?† an I say, â€Å"Sure, Bubba.† I have to wipe off the mouthpiece, an then I start to play an there is still a terrible lot of shootin goin on, an I know I ought to be with my machine gun, but what the hell, I played that song. I hadn’t noticed it, but it had quit rainin an the sky done turned a awful pinkish color. It made everbody’s face look like death itsef, an for some reason, the gooks done quit shootin for a wile, an so had we. I played â€Å"Way Down Upon the Swanee River† over an over again, kneelin nex to Bubba wile the medic give him a shot an tend to him best he could. Bubba done grapped a holt to my leg an his eyes got all cloudy an that terrible pink sky seem to drain all the color in his face. He was tryin to say somethin, an so I bent over real close to hear what it was. But I never coud make it out. So I axed the medic, â€Å"You hear what he say?† An the medic say, â€Å"Home. He said, home.† Bubba, he died, an that’s all I got to say bout that. The rest of the night was the worst I have ever known. They was no way they could get any hep to us, since it begun stormin again. Them gooks was so close we could hear them talkin with each other, an at one point it was han to han fightin in the 1st platoon. At dawn, they call in a napalm airplane, but it drop the shit damn near right on top of us. Our own fellers be all singed an burnt up – come runnin out into the open, eyes big as biscuits, everbody cussin an sweatin an scared, woods set on fire, damn near put the rain out! Somewhere in all this, I got mysef shot, an, as luck would have it, I was hit in the ass. I can’t even remember it. We was all in awful shape. I don’t know what happened. Everthing all fouled up. I jus left the machine gun. I didn’t give a shit no more. I went to a place back of a tree an jus curl up an start cryin. Bubba gone, srimp boat gone; an he the only friend I ever had – cept maybe Jenny Curran, an I done mess that up too. Wadn’t for my mama, I might as well of jus died right there – of ole age or somethin, whatever – it didn’t matter. After a wile, they start landin some relief in heliocopters, and I guess the napalm bomb have frightened away the gooks. They must of figgered that if we was willing to do that to ourselfs, then what the hell would we of done to them? They takin the wounded outta there, when along come Sergeant Kranz, hair all singed off, clothes burnt up, looking like he jus got shot out of a cannon. He say, â€Å"Gump, you done real good yesterday, boy,† an then he axe me if I want a cigarette. I say I don’t smoke, an he nod. â€Å"Gump,† he says, â€Å"you are not the smartest feller I have ever had, but you is one hell of a soldier. I wish I had a hundrit like you.† He axe me if it hurt, an I say no, but that ain’t the truth. â€Å"Gump,† he say, â€Å"you is goin home, I guess you know that.† I axe him where is Bubba, an Sergeant Kranz look at me kind of funny. â€Å"He be along directly,† he says. I axed if I can ride on the same heliocopter with Bubba, an Sergeant Kranz say, no, Bubba got to go out last, cause he got kilt. They had stuck me with a big needle full of some kind of shit that made me feel better, but I remember, I reached up an grapped Sergeant Kranz by the arm, an I say, â€Å"I ain’t never axed no favors afore, but would you put Bubba on the heliocopter yoursef, an make sure he get there okay?† â€Å"Sure, Gump,† he say. â€Å"What the hell – we will even get him accommodations in first class.† How to cite Forrest Gump Chapter Six, Essay examples

Electronic Commerce and Social Commerce †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Electronic Commerce and Social Commerce. Answer: Introduction: Telstra Group being the telecommunication company has the asset classes of Land and site improvements, telecommunication assets, building and other property, plant and equipment. It applies straight line method depreciation on all the asset classes over the estimated useful life of the respective assets. Depreciation is not charged on those assets which are still in construction and are not ready for use. Depreciation is also calculated on leased assets over the term of the lease as per the latest AASB 16. The below table shows the useful life being considered in the company.(Ian, 2017) As per this, building falls under the useful life class of 4-48 years, communication equipments under 2-57 years and PPE under 4-20 years. These may change depending upon the assessment of useful (Annual Report, Telstra, 2017, pp 97) life being made by the management each year based on the international standards being followed in other telecommunication companies and in caser of communication equipments, technological obsolescence is also taken into consideration. In case the life needs to be changed, the revised depreciation is taken in the books on a prospective basis from the change year till the residual life is left including the current year. The impact of this was $84 MN in 2016 as compared to $166Mn in 2015. This can have a huge bearing on the financial profits of the year as the amount is material and it is one of the management estimates being taken into consideration here.(Downes, Mervin, Byrnes, Scuffham, 2017) In case of TPG telecom limited, depreciation policy is almost the same as was in Telstra Group, here the asset classes are categorized under the category Network Infrastructure, Land and building and Leasehold improvements. Here again, depreciation is charged on the straight line basis over the period of estimated useful life of the asset. Furthermore, depreciation will be charged on both the operating and finance leased assets as per AASB 16.(Curwen Whalley, 2017) The estimated life in case of TPG is estimated to be 3-35 yrs. for Network infrastructure, 40 years straightaway for building and 8 years for Leasehold (Annual Report, TPG Telecom, 2017, pp 50) improvement. An assessment of change in depreciation policy and estimated life, if any, is visited annually. Impact on Profitability: Based on the policies of depreciation in 2 companies, we can say that there though the disclosures are more in Telstra financials but it has a huge scope of manipulation of the profits based on the estimation of useful life and revision of policy, the impact of which can be seen in the last 2 years. In case of TPG, the policy is flat, but the disclosure is not adequate as the basis on which the revision of the useful life can be done hasnt been shown. However, on the hind side the chances of manipulation in its accounts is far more less.(Bena, Ferraira, Matos, Pires, 2017) This is an extract of depreciation expense for the year 2015 and 2016 for Telstra Group. (Annual Report, Telstra, 2017, pp 97) This is an extract of depreciation expense for the year 2015 and 2016 for TPG telecom limited. (Annual Report, TPG Telecom, 2017, pp 49) Analysis and Explanation on Inventory Valuation Telstra Group is valuing the inventories as per the IFRS standard i.e., lower of the net realisable value and the cost incurred. The cost is being determined using the weighted average cost method and the net realisable value is estimated selling price less cost incurred upfront and cost incurred as selling, distribution and marketing expenses to bring the same into the saleable condition. It uses the concept of fair value less the estimated cost of disposing it. However, in case of the construction contracts the net realisable value is amount expected to be earned from its use in the future. The finished goods here comprises those goods which are saleable within one year and also the spare parts to be used in maintaining the telecommunication networks. The company also procures some strategic inventories to be used for maintenance of long lasting network assets. The construction work in progress inventory implies the differential amount for progress billing less related costs and profits thereon recognised. The standard assumption here used by the management is to arrive at the net realisable value (Annual Report, Telstra, 2017, pp 106) which they determine using the future expected selling price of the contract taking into consideration both the future and current technological developments. (Turban, Whiteside, King, Outland, 2017) In case of the TPG Telecom Ltd., inventory in the books is valued at the lower of net realisable value and the cost incurred on the same. Net realisable value here is stated as the difference between the Estimated price of selling and estimated selling price to be incurred on it in the normal ordinary course of affairs. Further, in case the company acquires any other company via business combination, inventory would be valued using the fair value method, which again is estimated selling value less estimated cost incurred in normal business course.(Boccia Leonardi, 2016) Impact on Profitability: From the disclosure perspective, again Telstra is on positive side as it has almost mentioned all the possible break up and their method of valuation. From the profitability perspective, inventory can have major impact on the assets side when technological essence is taken into consideration and estimation of inventory value is done. Profits can be declined in case inventory is impaired materially due to huge technological changes and innovations, due to which the taxes will also have a downward increase resulting in less cash flow for the organization. (Capaldi, Idowu, Schmidpeter, 2017) Telstra Group categorizes its intangibles majorly into 4 categories: Goodwill, internally generated intangibles, acquired intangibles and deferred revenue expenditure. Goodwill is generally recognised at cost in a business combination or takeover (difference of payment consideration and fair value) and is not amortised. However, the same is assessed for impairment, if any on a yearly basis or when such situation arises.(AULICH, Jones, Head, 2017) Internally generated intangibles are generally the development cost incurred during a design or testing of newly introduced IT system that has future viability and is commercially feasible and also if the company has sufficient resources to complete it. Research costs are generally charged off to PL. These have a fixed life and amortized as per straight line method. Acquired intangible assets are either value at fair value (business combination) or at cost incurred (if acquired specifically). These generally have a fixed life and amortized as per straight line, however, in case it is for indefinite period, it is considered for assessment of impairment annually. The life of acquired intangibles, the value sat which it is recorded and the capitalisation of the development costs is all subject to management estimates. (Lin, Riccardi, Wang, 2017) In Telstra, management judgement is applied to determine the amortization period but for those where it is finite, the weighted average amortization is shown in the adjoining table. In case of TPG telecom Ltd., the major categorizations are amortizable and non-amortizable which is much more clear presentation as compared to Telstra where it may change every year based on assessment. The goodwill is recognized at cost and brand is recognized using Relief from Royalty procedure. Both of these are non-amortizable over its life, however, they are subject to impairment test annually. On the other hand, acquired customer bases are valued using discounted cash flow technique for the future expected benefits derivable and are amortized over the contract period using reducing balance method. Indefeasible rights of use of capacity are either valued at fair value or the present value of cash outflows to be made. These are amortised over the IRUs life. In case any subsequent expenditure is made which increases the economic benefits to be derived, the same is added to the cost of intangible assets. All the other intangible assets are amortized over the useful life using the straight line method. (Kodua Mensah, 2017) Analysing the valuation and amortization of the intangible assets by both the companies, it clearly states that TPG has more transparent techniques of valuation and amortization as compared to Telstra where most of the things are based on the management judgement. Recommendations Both the Telstra Group and TPG Telecom Ltd. belong to the same telecommunication industry having identical business and are situated in the same geography of Australia but the reporting structure in annual reports is entirely different. In Telstra, most of the significant policies are subject to management judgements and estimates whereas in case of TPG telecom, all the policies are clearly stated and are subject to less interference by management. This calls for recommendation that Telstra should report all its crucial policies in a much more concrete way and it should be subject to lesser interference as it impacts profitability and reporting by billions. Moreover, consistency is the essence of accounting which needs to be taken care as per the increased regulations by ACCA. On the other hand, TPG telecom needs to have a more detailed reporting on depreciation and the basis on which the valuation is being done in the case of inventories. Also, it has not disclosed the bifurcation o f the inventory which the user of the financial statement (like banks and other financial institutions) may ask for while approving the loan. (Flix, 2017) Further, it was also found in case of Telstra, that the useful life of land and building asset class is also changing, which not change in case of a telecommunication should company as its life is fairly the same unless a major wreck is foreseen. (Li, Sougiannis, Wang, 2017) References AULICH, C., Jones, S., Head, B. (2017). DIVESTMENT OF COMMONWEALTH PUBLIC ENTERPRISES IN AUSTRALIA: THE CUPBOARD IS BARE. Wiley Online Library, 9-21. Bena, J., Ferraira, M., Matos, P., Pires, P. (2017). Are foreign investors locusts? The long-term effects of foreign institutional ownership. Journal of Financial Economics, 21-35. Boccia, F., Leonardi, R. (2016). The Challenge of the Digital Economy. Markets, Taxation and Appropriate Economic Models, 1-16. Capaldi, N., Idowu, S., Schmidpeter, R. (2017). Dimensional Corporate Governance. CSR, Sustainability, Ethics Governance, 175-187. Curwen, P., Whalley, J. (2017). The evolution of US mobile operators within a multi-play world. Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance, 1(19), 40-57. Downes, M., Mervin, M., Byrnes, J., Scuffham, P. (2017, July). Telephone consultations for general practice: a systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 1-10. Flix, M. (2017). A study on the expected impact of IFRS 17 on the transparency of financial statements of insurance companies. MASTER THESIS, 1-69. Ian, C. (2017). Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy. 30 years after launch: Recalling the first four years of telecom's cellular mobile service, 5(1), 4-40. Kodua, P., Mensah, P. (2017). The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Influencing Brand Loyalty: Evidence from the Ghanaian Telecommunication Industry. Marketing at the Confluence between Entertainment and Analytics, 77-90. Li, S., Sougiannis, T., Wang, I. (2017). Mandatory IFRS Adoption and the Usefulness of Accounting Information in Predicting Future Earnings and Cash Flows. SSRN , 1-47. Lin, S., Riccardi, W., Wang, C. (2017). Relative Effects of IFRS Adoption and IFRS Convergence on Financial Statement Comparability. SSRN, 16-40. Turban, E., Whiteside, J., King, D., Outland, J. (2017). Implementation Issues: From Globalization to Justification, Privacy, and Regulation. Introduction to Electronic Commerce and Social Commerc, 383-413.

Hamlet Essays (614 words) - English-language Films, British Films

Hamlet Bryce Nations 4/28/00 Smith Lit112 Crumbling Castle Hamlet is a complex play with many characters that each has an important role in the development of the story line. In the play, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are inserted for nothing more than comic relief. But on the contrary, in the movie they are hopeless wanderers looking for meaning in the world. The pair is so lost in their mental endeavors that they do not even notice the crumbling of a royal family and ultimately their own deaths. Through Rosencrantz and Guildenstern we learn many lessons of the laws of nature and mathematics. They find answers to some of the worlds most difficult problems that have not even begun to be discovered according to the history books. Such discoveries as Newton's law of gravity, the steam engine, and the theory of probability can all be solved in their own somewhat idiotic ways. They also argue and prove to each other the obvious puzzles in life. When trying to demonstrate the difference in which objects fall, Rosencrantz says, You would think that the iron ball would fall at a faster Nations 2 rate than this feather. Upon dropping the objects the iron ball plummets to the floor while the feather floats to the ground proving a common fact. There are significant differences between the movie and the book. In the book the real world is that of Elsinore to which Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are brought into. The movie puts Rosencrantz and Guildenstern in a make-believe world on a journey through the play of hamlet. In the movie the real world is represented by featureless rock and desolate forests, through which the pair journeys to find meaning. The only thing they can seem to remember is a royal summons given to them from the king of Denmark. Chance is a central image that is associated with the two throughout the film and was shown through the coin toss. The fact that the coin always landed upon the heads side could also serve as foreshadowing the pair's death. For there seems to be an almost one hundred percent probability that the coin will land on heads and an almost one hundred percent probability that they will be beheaded. The players have a key role in both the film and text. They provide an important role in catching King Claudius in the text and serve as comic relief in the film. They are first introduced in the film when they bump in to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern on the way to the castle. They beg for audiences saying that without one actor's are useless and then begin to sound off a list of possible performances. The last scene in the movie shows the players riding off down the same road that Rosencrantz and Guildenstern first traveled. This is hinting that perhaps all the action has taken place within the players wagon and stage. Nations 3 The characters within Elsinore remain constant with their actions between the text and film. The story of Hamlet shows the downfall and desecration of the role Denmark family. All the characters within the walls of Elsinore rot and begin to fall apart by the end of the story. Many of them succumb to plain madness like Prince Hamlet and Ophelia. It is almost as if a wave of evil has attacked the once peaceful castle bringing murder and betrayal upon all within it. At the end of the text the characters all seem to be composed of hatred and vengeance. But this could also be considered their decomposition into wild animal like people who murder at will. In both the film and text no problem seems to have a clear solution. Shakespeare Essays

Deserts, glaciers and climate

Deserts, glaciers and climate Geological features have historically provided dramatic and enchanting views for people. Some examples include mountain peaks, desert surfaces and coastal cliffs. Despite providing magnificent sceneries, the potentially harmful nature of some of these features provides hazards to the society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Deserts, glaciers and climate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Landslides and volcanic eruptions have always been cataclysmic, leading in loss of lives. These features have been used in scientific research studies while others serve as tourist attractions. The features display some similarities and differences depending on whether they are in desserts or glaciers. Desert landscapes cover slightly over one third of the land surface on earth (Hallmann Steinberg, 2000). They are usually dry, receiving extremely minimal rainfall, thus supporting a small number of life forms. The vicinity frequently e xperiences harsh climatic conditions typified by either exceptionally hot or extremely cold. There are diverse forms of deserts classified depending on the quantity of rainfall received and its location. The contrast between the desert and glacial landscape is the extreme weather conditions and landforms dotted across the surface. The desert landscape is characterized by kilometers of dunes and stone surfaces. Stones of unlike solidity and constitution erode at singular rates to fabricate the splendid wilderness imagery. Several features including playas and blowouts make up the desert landscape (Ryan, 2008). Glaciers also face displacement and erosion, similar to deserts, which result in the formation of landforms. The glacier rubs out substances underneath it as it shifts leaving matter on rocks (Ryan, 2008). The glacier accumulates the material which it eventually deposits elsewhere, giving evidence to their direction of movement. The resulting landform of the desert landscapes i s characterized by its configuration through wind actions and weathering. When the globe heats up, warm air, which is less heavy, physically ascends to the summit headed for the poles while cold air settles down. This breeze process is though affected by the revolving of the world thus fashions a sidetracking energy on the current of air. The rotational speeds of the wind depend on the distance from the equator (Ryan, 2008). The speed of rotation is frequently zero and the poles and gradually increases towards the equator.Advertising Looking for essay on geology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Glaciers are formed when it is cold enough for ice not to melt during winter snow. This climate is normally experienced in elevated areas around the polar. Huge accumulations of snow must exist in a gently sloping rocky area which will prevent its loss (Hallmann Steinberg, 2000). Molecules in the ice are reorganized without c hange of physical structure, forming new crystals. Even though it is presently being amplified by the media, climatic changes have historically being there. The year of climatic change can be determined through scientific research in ocean sediments and tree rings. Volcanic upsurges around the terrain and changes in path directions are some of the causes of weather modifications. Some of the effects of this change were ice ages and interglacial periods when the planet was warming. Natural sources like volcanoes result in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (Ryan, 2008). The presence of the gases adds to the chilling and temperate occurrences. The earth may begin to cool due to adjustments in its orbit. More CO2 thus dissolves in the oceans hence making the planet much cooler (Hallmann Steinberg, 2000). Wild forest fires and other sources of heat radiation make the earth warmer. The oceans receive less CO2 hence gets warmer. There was a small cooling event around the 16th centur y caused a slight cooling of the earth. The earth experienced warming during the medieval times across different regions such as Europe. The beginning of the industrial age is however the time when the earth started experiencing continuous warming. This results from the production of greenhouse gases through industries, automobiles and manufacturing activities. Climatic change has resulted in overall heat increase. Patterns of rainfall have changed in various regions, exemplified by more rainfall in certain regions and occasionally in others. Aquatic levels have been progressively expanding, increasing by more than ten centimeters. In the 21st century, temperatures will rise; hence the thawing of glaciers will escalate. There would be extreme weather changes due to the increase in temperatures. The rise of sea levels would interfere with coastlines and activities on beaches. There would be increased erosion and the subsidence of land would thus considerably reduce. The effect on des erts would also be tragic. Life forms, which depend on the little precipitation, would not have any water from streams, which would undoubtedly have dried up. Most deserts on earth are fed by glaciers. Melting of the glaciers due to climate change will impair their water services to the deserts, which will become more arid and incapable of sustaining life.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Deserts, glaciers and climate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They will become hotter and much drier. The soil becomes further degraded through wearing away and compaction (Hallmann Steinberg, 2000). Extreme desertification will lead to more migration and end up overcrowding some areas. There would be further wearing down of the ice resulting in more intense liquefaction. An estimated 1/3 of all glaciers will disappear in less than 100 years. The distribution of river flow and water supply would decrease thus impacting agriculture and production of electricity. Hydrological changes would change navigation systems of rivers, which may provide benefits for shipping industries, which could previously not navigate some areas. Life forms on earth would be threatened if climatic changes exaggerate. Unfortunately, these effects will not be equally distributed across the earth. Some regions will be more adversely affected while some will experience the benefits of the weather changes. Some of its impacts will be irreversible depending on their rate and magnitude. References Hallmann, M. Steinberg, M. (2000). Greenhouse gas carbon dioxide mitigation: Science and technology. Florida: CRC Press. Ryan, J. (2008). Desert and glacial landscapes. Technology: science. November 20, 2008. Web.

Influence and role of trade unions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Influence and role of trade unions - Essay Example Many organizations long ago realized that it is more efficient to hire purposeful, responsible, and interested in their job people. Accordingly people, who get a job today, automatically receive all those privileges labour unions for had struggled for. As a matter of fact trade unions cannot find their place in the new system of labour relationship. In the course of time fundamental economic changes had happened in the country. The traditional heavy industry, a stronghold of trade unions, gradually becomes the thing of the past. According to Turner, "if unions can not hold their own and adapt to changing circumstances in the core industrial work force, the traditional bastion of labour strength, it is difficult to imagine that national prospects for unions elsewhere can be promising1". Labour unions also have not been taken in the extremely developing industry of high technologies, and have not been widely accepted in the services sphere. So we can agree with the statement of Robert Baldwin, who claims that one of the factors that contribute to weakling of trade unions is "unskilled labour-displacing nature of new technology, including outsourcing2". Notwithstanding it is wrong to say, that trade unions are doomed. One can hardly find an example of a democratic society, which does not have trade unions in its structure. British trade unions now are trying to take their own place in the new national economy.The role of state in labour market The role of the state in regulation of relations on a labour market increased in the post-war history of the Great Britain. Leading political forces send to the consent that the chronic unemployment in the country in 1930th years, intensity between the labour and the capital, and the general social instability should be eliminated by means of mixed economy and the Welfare state. As a result of such turn in consciousness of British establishment the labour governments and later conservative governments began to pursue a policy of Keynesianism and social-democratic etatism. There has come a new phase in relations between authority and working-class movement when the last one has been recognized, on a par with business, the necessary participant of formation of social and economic policy of the British state. Influence and role of trade unionsTrade unions have turned to one of the most active public organizations rendering great influence on actions of parties in power. Having got such legitimacy in regulation of relations on a labour market, the British working-class movement became an integral part of the post-war device of the state. The ruling class has recognized it as the necessary partner in business of maintenance of social stability. The organized labour has appeared both object, and the subject in mutual relations with the state. As an object it is the inseparable part of a society necessary for the sanction of conflicts arising in it. As a subject it is the defender of interests of working class, which quite often conflicted to aspirations of capitalism.In 1950-1960 years, when the country experienced the economic boom, trade unions have played a visible constructive role in processes of regulation of social development, socialization of citizens of the country, adjustment of manufacture-consumption cycle, and the society's

NewCorp Scenarios Legal Brief Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

NewCorp Scenarios Legal Brief - Research Paper Example However, this is not outlined in the employment documents (Lambert, 2005). Therefore, this gave pat no reason to drop in his performance. He should have tried all the best to ensure the performance in the institution was maintained at high levels. The employer and the institution are not directly involved in family issues and this is not a reason for the drop in performance. Therefore, it was in his interests to ensure the family issues and moving to another city does not affect his performance at work. However, he left this to affect his performance at work, which was detrimental to his career. According to statutory laws, an employer has the legal rights to hire a worker depending on his or her qualifications. Similarly, the same institution or employer has the rights to terminate the worker without satisfactory results. Therefore, an employee has to make sure he or she is giving satisfactory results in the institution. Apparently, performance is the only indicator that can be used in justifying an employee’s worth in the institution. Therefore, when an employee is not giving satisfactory results, he is at the helm of disqualification and termination. Since this is an independent entity, it has its rights of disqualifying employees that are not beneficial to the institution. This states the reason behind the pat’s disqualification at the work place. This is clearly indicated in the signed documents, where an employee is terminated when there is unsatisfactory performance. As such, the institution acted upon its jurisdiction to terminate pat, the reason being that Pat’s performance was not pleasing the institution. Though Pat’s termination at his work place could be justified according to the jurisdiction of the institution, there are several points that should be considered. First, the notice of termination was minute. He was given a short notice of termination, which was not well received by Pat. Secondly, the institution should h ave given Pat more time to work on his performance. Giving Pat more time should have prepared him to work on his performance in the institution. This would have improved on his performance. However, it seems the institution had already made a decision to terminate him. Apparently, the institution should have used Pat’s historical performance at the institution and given him another chance. Consequentially, some institutions do not believe in second chances, which ruined his career. Similarly, Pat’s views at the school board meeting should not be used as a scapegoat for disqualification. Second Case Relationships at the work place are highly opposed by many institutions as they constantly affect the work of the employees. In this case, it is evidently seen that the two employees were affected by their relationship at the work place. To begin with, the employer has to be skeptical about the work relationships. Most employers are not for the idea of dating at the work pla ce. As such, they give stringent punishment to any employees that are found dating at the work place. Though it is hard to control human emotions, relationships at the work place are not accepted by the employers and the institution. Therefore, it was in the jurisdiction of the employer and institution to make a succinct control measure against such relationships in the institution. This would have lessened the outcome as Paula and Sam would have avoided such a scenario.

Behavioral Approach To Leadership Management Essay

Behavioral Approach To Leadership Management Essay The focal point of thuis chapter will be on theoretical developments made in leadership literature with the way of time by the advocates. Hence, the existing chapter will be divided into four major parts. In the first part, trait approach to leadership will be described. In the second part, behavioral approach to leadership will be discussed. Third part will be devoted to contingency approach to leadership. In last and fourth part, cutting-edge approach to leadership will be presented. Trait Leadership Theory: Leadership consists of leaders, followers and situations, but trait approach only focuses on leaders. Trait approach was one of the first systematic attempts to study leadership in which research started by focusing on leaders traits that differentiate between leaders and non-leaders. Trait theory assumes that people are born with inherited characteristics. In other words, leaders were born, not made and leadership is rooted in characteristics of leaders. This assumption that leaders are born not made was taken from Great Man Theory. The underlying concept of this theory was that leaders are from upper class. Great Man theory was named so because in those days, leadership was thought of primarily as a male quality. Stogdill studied more than 124 studies conducted between 1904 and 1947. Stogdill (1948) stated that the aspect allied with leadership could be categorize under six broad directions: capacity (intelligence, alertness, originality and judgment); achievement (scholarship, knowledge); responsibility (reliability, inventiveness, determination assertiveness, self-assurance and the desire to excel); participation (activity, friendliness, teamwork, flexibility and absurdity); status (socioeconomic position and popularity) and situation (status, ability, wants and wellbeing of followers, objectives to be accomplished). Bryman (1993) also talk about the principle that there are distinct attributes that distinguish a leader from a non-leader, these being physical features (height); personality factors: (extroverted); and ability related characteristics: (speech fluency). Trait theory offers no explanation for relationship between individual characteristics and leaderships. This theory did not consider the impact of situational variables that moderate the relationship between leader traits and measures of effectiveness. As a result of lack of consistent findings, linking individual traits to leadership effectiveness, empirical studies of leaders traits were largely abandoned in 1950s. Behavioral approach to Leadership: In beginning of 1950s, focus of leadership research shifted away from leader traits to leaders behaviors. Purpose of this research was that the behavior exhibited by the leaders is more important than their physical, mental, emotional traits or internal state. Behavioral theories differentiate between effective leaders from ineffective leaders. Behavioral theories of leadership are based on the belief that great leaders are made, not born. According to this theory, people can learn to become leaders through training and observations, thus, anyone can become a leader if they want to. Leadership is composed of two general kinds of behaviors: task behavior and relationship behavior. Task behavior focus on goal accomplishment and help subordinates in achieving their behavior while relationship behavior help subordinates to feel comfortable at workplace. Central focus of this approach is to examine how leaders combine these two types of behavior in order to make subordinates to put their efforts to reach a goal. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the behavioral approach. Some of the first studies were conducted at Ohio State University in late 1940s. At the same time, another group of researchers at Michigan University were studying leadership functions. These studies sparked hundreds of other leadership studies and are still widely used. The Ohio Studies: Group of researchers at Ohio studies analyzed how a group of individuals acted when they were leading a group or organization. For this purpose, complete questionnaire about leader was developed on that questionnaire, subordinates had to identify the no. of times their leaders engaged in certain kind of behavior. Questionnaire was composed of 150 questions and was called the Leader Behavioral Description Questionnaire. (Hemphill and Coons, 1957). Questionnaire was distributed among military, manufacturing companies and educational institutes. The result showed that the certain clusters of behaviors were typically of leaders. Researchers found that respondents responses on the questionnaire clustered around two general types of leaders behavior: Initiating Structure and Consideration (Stogdill, 1974). Initiating Structure sometimes called task-oriented behavior, involves planning, organizing and coordinating the work of subordinates. Consideration involves showing concern for subordin ates, being supportive, recognizing subordinates accomplishments, and providing for subordinates welfare. Many studies have been conducted to determine which style of leadership is most effective in a particular situation. In some contexts, high consideration has been found to be most effective, but in other situations, high initiating structure has been found most effective. Some research has shown that being high on both behaviors is the best form of leadership. The University of Michigan (1961 1967): The Michigan leadership studies took place at about the same time as those at Ohio Studies. The focus of the Michigan studies was to determine the principles and methods of leadership that led to productivity and job satisfaction. The studies resulted in two general leadership behaviors or orientations: an employee orientation and production orientation (Likert). Leaders with an employee orientation showed genuine concern for interpersonal relations, while those with a production orientation focused on the task or technical aspects of the job. The supporters proposed that the more the leader is employee oriented, the lesser hell be production oriented and vice versa. He suggested that employee oriented approach results in the most positive outcomes. The Managerial Grid: The behavioral dimensions from early behavioral leadership studies provided the basis for the development of a two dimensional grid for appraising leadership style. One concept based largely on behavioral approach to leadership effectiveness was the Managerial (or Leadership Grid) development by Robert Blake and Jane Mouton (1964). The Grid helps to explain how leaders help organizations to reach their purposes through two factors: concern for production and concern for people. It closely parallels the idea and findings that emerged in the Ohio State and University of Michigan Studies. Concern for production refers to how a leader is concerned with achieving organizational tasks. Concern for people refers to how a leader attends to the people in the organization who are trying to achieve its goals. In grid, concern for production has been placed on horizontal axis and leaders concern for people has been placed on vertical axis. Leaders behavior was ranked on a scale of 1 (Low) to 9(h igh). The grid has 81 potential categories into which a leaders behavioral style might fall, emphasis was placed on five: authority compliance (9,1), country club management(1,9), impoverished management (1,1), middle of the road management(5,5), and team management(9,9).Researchers concluded that managers performed best when using a team management(9,9) style. It promotes a high degree of participation and team work in the organization a satisfied a basic need in employees to be involved and committed to their work. Team management approach cannot be affective in all situations. So leaders have to adapt their style according to followers ability. The assumption of the leader behavior was that there were certain behaviors that would be universally affective for leaders. Unfortunately, empirical research has not demonstrated consistent relationship between leaders behavior and leader effectiveness. The failure to attain a consistent relationship led to a new focus on situational influences. Like trait research, leader behavior research did not consider situational influences that might moderate the relationship between leader behavior and leaders effectiveness. Situational Leadership Theory: As the name of approach implies, situational leadership focuses on leadership in different situations. The premise of the theory is that different situations demand different kind of leadership. From this perspective, to be an effective leader requires that a person adapts his or her style to the demands of different situations. Contingencies theories gained prominence in 1960s and 1970s. Few of the situational leadership theories are discussed in next section. The Fiedler Model (1967): Fred Fiedler was the one who gave the first comprehensive contingency model. It specifies how situational factors interact with leaders traits and behaviors to influence leadership effectiveness. This theory proposed that effective group performance depends on the proper match between a leaders style of interacting with his or her followers and the degree to which the situation allowed the leader to control and influence. The theory suggests that the constructivity of the situation determine the effectiveness of task and person oriented leader behavior. Constructivity is determined by three things: leader follower relationship, task structures and the position power. Situation is constructive when followers respect and trust the leader, the task is highly structured and leader has control over rewards and punishments. To measure leaders style, Fiedler developed Least Preferred Coworker (LPC) Questionnaire. In questionnaire researcher used 16 pairs of contrasting adjectives like hardworking-not hardworking, friendly-unfriendly. Leaders were asked to think of a coworker with whom they had tough time and rate them on bipolar scale ranging from 1 to 8(8 describes positive adjective while 1 describes negative adjective out of the pair). Fiedler believed that you could determine a persons basic leadership style on the basis of the responses to the LPC questionnaire. Fiedler concluded that high LPC score shows that leader is people/relationship oriented while low LPC score means that leader is task oriented. Fiedler research indicated that leaders were more effective either in highly favorable situation or highly unfavorable situation while relationship oriented leaders perform better in moderate situations. Fiedler contingency has been criticized on both conceptual and methodological grounds. There was no discussion on the practicality of LPC and it is probably unrealistic to assume that a person cannot change his style in order to fit the situation. This theory does not take into consideration all situational factors. Despite its shortcomings, empirical research has supported many of specific propositions of the theory, the Fiedler model provided evidence that effective leadership style needed to reflect situational factors. Hersey and Blanchards Situational Leadership Theory (1969 1977): In contrast to Fiedlers contingency leadership model and its underlying assumption that leadership style is hard to change (trait theory). The Hersey Blanchard situational leadership model suggests that successful leaders do adjust their style (behavioral approach). Secondly, Fiedler define situation covering three dimensions namely leader-follower relationship, task structure and position power while Hersey and Blanchard defined situation as a function of followers maturity/task related maturity of subordinates. Followers maturity is indicated by followers readiness to perform in a given situation. Readiness is largely based on two major factors-follower ability and follower confidence. Situational leadership theory uses the same two leadership dimensions that Fiedler identified: task and relationship behavior. However, Hersey and Blanchard go a step further by considering each as either high or low and then by combining them into four specific leadership styles. The two-by-two matr ix shown below indicates the four possible leadership styles. High Participating Styles Share Ideas à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Followers able, unwilling, not confident Selling Style Explain Decisions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Followers unable, willing, confident Delegating Style Turnover decisions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Followers able, willing, confident Telling Style Give instructions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Followers unable, unwilling, not confident Low High Hersy Blanchard model map each leadership style to each maturity level, as shown below. Maturity Level Appropriate Leadership Style M1: Low Maturity S1: Telling/Directing M2: Medium Maturity, limited skills S2: Selling/ Coaching M3: Medium maturity, higher skills but lacking confidence S3: Participating/Supporting M4: High Maturity S4: Delegating To use this model, reflect on the maturity of individuals within team. The table shows which leadership style Hersey and Blanchard consider the most effective for people with that level of maturity. Unlike many other leadership theories, this approach does not have empirical research findings to justify and support the underpinning on which it stands. As a result, there is ambiguity regarding how the approach conceptualizes certain aspects of leadership. It does not explain how subordinates move from low development levels to high development level nor is it clears in explaining how commitment changes over time for subordinates. Also, the model does not clearly define how to match leader behavior from one situation to another (Draft 1999). Vroom and Jago 2007investigated that overwhelming focus of this theory was on one situational variable (the maturity of followers) and thus other important contextual characteristics within which interactions take place are ignored. According to assumption of model, followers maturity is taken as independent variable while task related leaders behavior is taken as dependent variable. However, it remains one of the better-known contingency theo ries of leadership and offers important insights into the interaction between subordinates ability and leadership style. Path-Goal Theory: Path-goal theory first appeared in the leadership literature in early 1970s in work of Evan (1970) and House (1971). Path-goal theory emphasized the relationship between leaders style and characteristics of the subordinates and work-setting. This theory was based on expectancy theory (Vroom 1964), which suggests that subordinates will be motivated if they think they are capable of performing their work (path instrumentality), if they believe their efforts will result in certain outcomes (expectancy) and if they believe that the reward for doing their work are worthwhile (valence). In this perspective, leaders behavior is dependent upon subordinates needs, desires and task characteristics. Therefore, path goal theory is designated to explain how leaders can help subordinates along the path to their goals by selecting specific behaviors that are best suited to subordinate needs and to situations in which subordinates are working. By choosing appropriate style, leaders can give rise specific motives related to task through rewards in order to achieve goals. House (1971) identifies four leaders behavior. These are achievement oriented, directive, participative and supportive. Leaders behaviors are contingent to the environment factors and followers characteristics. In contrast to Fiedlers view, a leader could not change his or her behavior, but House assumes that leaders are flexible. In other words, path goal theory assumes that same leader can display any or all of these leadership styles depending upon the situation. Path-goal theory proposes two classes of situational or contingency variables that moderate the leader -behavior outcome relationship: environmental/task characteristics that are outside the control of followers (e.g. task design, formal system of authority)- these have a major impact on the way a leaders behavior influence followers level of motivation. Second is subordinates/followers characteristics (e.g. locus of control, experience) these determine how a leaders behavior is interrupted by subordinates in a particula r work context (Northouse, 2007). Environmental contingency factors Task Design Primary Workgroup Formal System of Authority Leaders Behavior Outcomes Directive Performance Supportive Job satisfaction Participative Achievement Oriented Subordinates Contingence Factors Perceived level of task obtained Locus of Control Need for affiliation Authoritarianism Experience The theory proposes that leaders behavior will be ineffective when its redundant with sources of environmental structure or incongruent with follower characteristics. When followers needs are there, there is desire for leader intervention. Moreover, he described certain situations in which leaders interventions have positive impact and in which negative influence. It has been investigated that employee performance and satisfaction is likely to be positively influenced when the leader compensates for shortcomings in either the employee or in the work setting. However, if the leader spends time in explaining tasks that are routine tasks and are clear or when the employees has the ability and experience to handle them without leaders intervention, the employee is likely to see such directive behavior as redundant or even insulting. Based on these theoretical reasons, one can easily conclude that leaders intervention is dependent upon work settings. In some work settings leaders intervention is highly valued while in others have no value or even considered as negative. Later on, this notion became base for evolution of substitutes for leadership and followers need for leadership.

Accounting theory Essay

Accounting theory and its application is very fundamental to students and professional in accountancy. It equips people in the accountancy profession with financial accounting theory and associated research. Relevance of this theory is that it provides accountants with knowledge to critically investigate and analyze contemporary accounting issues. Research enables students to have broad thinking of current accounting issues such as environmental aspects and social responsibility aspects. The study of popular culture lead to research concerning all the emerging issues in the Accounting profession. It brought about the question as to whether students or other stakeholders in the profession should engage the attention of people in the field of research. Deegan,C. (2009) in his book stated that there is little attention given to issues that impact to aspects of the accounting profession. Relevant issues for study in accounting and auditing concern accounting principles and standards, auditing ,professional behavior and general professional matters, such as scope of services, maintenance of quality control and strategies. Study of popular culture has provided researchers with the following arguments to justify implication of the Accounting profession. a. Accounting is a dynamic line of specialization where participants/accountants should be in a position to respond to changes in the business society and come up with revised accounting principles and standards. This will enhance understanding of the financial statements to stakeholders and society in general. b. Public accounting like other profession in United States should provide high level of motivation for evaluating what the actual events. It further anticipates any additional changes in future to improve and provide information on value creation by entity from different dimensions from profit. From research this has lead development international public sector accounting standards The study of popular culture will enable researchers to determine emerging issues such as, unexpected business failure, legal liability of an independent auditor and effectiveness and appropriateness of audit evidence gathered from the society. Besides, it will factor the complex nature of business transactions which normally affect the position of an independent auditor. Studying the popular culture also provides researchers with knowledge to evaluate the value added to the financial statements by various entities. This helps to determine effects of social and environmental accounting; highlights the role of culture in explaining international differences and disclosures in accounting. Popular culture enables society in understanding the reaction of capital markets to financial reporting. By understanding popular culture, it lead to research on fundamental issues such as corporate governance, social and environmental reporting which enables companies in their Annual Operating Plan set aside some amount to used in promoting things like sporting activities. Culture has exceptionally attracted voluntary reporting by allowing research on institutional theory, legitimacy theory, stakeholder’s theory and positive accounting theory. Nevertheless the study popular culture has significantly analyzed normative theories of accounting as well as development of accounting for price level changes. It involves critical appraisal of Historical cost accounting approach, general purchasing power approach and current cost accounting approach. Culture study highlights efforts towards international harmonization of accounting in terms of disclosure and reporting. Application of accounting research has influenced extension of financial reports such employment statements which analyzes the benefits which employees get from employment which in turn its cost to the employer. Earnings per share analyze both basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share in determining worthiness of company. Research of popular culture is very significance in understanding economic actions to a particular interest of groups within society and to the entire society; it involves extending the accountability of organization beyond the Traditional role providing financial account to the owners of the capital, in particular, the shareholders. Such an extension is predicated upon the assumption that companies do have wider responsibilities than simply to make money for their respective shareholders.

Most Writers of Fiction Do Not Earn Enough Money to Live from Their Writing Essay

Here are some conditions under which a novelist could reasonably expect some government suport. In general terms, if the writer has already proved that he or she can write well, and if the stories produced are stimulating and interesting, then I consider that some financial help might be given. Language quality is difficult to define, but if the writing shows, for example, good grammar, a wide vocabulary, and elegance and imagination, then I can see a valid reason for assisting an author to spend some time free from money problems. Such a writing needs to be encouraged. the entertainment value of a book would be also a factor in deciding whether to provide assistance to an author. Further consideration would include social and educational values expressed in the author’s work. However, if the ideas were socially irresponsible, or if the stories contain unnecessary violence or pornography for its own sake, then I would not want to see the author sponsored to write stories which do not benefit society. Other exceptions are the many writers of good books who do not require financial help. Books which proved to be extremely popular, such as the Harry Potter stories, clearly need no subsidy at all because the authors have become rich through their writing. Views on what good quality writing means will vary widely, and so if any author is to be given money for writing, then the decision would have to be made by a committee or panel of judge. An individual opinion would certainly cause disagreement among the reading public.

Realist Perpective on the Cuban Missile Crisis Essay

The Realist Perspective on the Cuban Missile Crisis In October of 1962, the United States and the Soviet Union reached a near-nuclear experience when in a short fourteen days; Russia was caught building nuclear missile bases in Cuba. With the Second World War just barely in the past, the United States was still on their toes making sure they were in the clear. When they sent the U-2 spy plane to monitor Cuba they found missile bases that were armed and ready to wipe out the western hemisphere. Considering the military, economy, and diplomacy of the U.S., Kennedy could take no chances. The realist perspective focuses on the conflict and states and the manifestation of power, which while looking at the Cuban Missile Crisis, will give†¦show more content†¦Another reason there was conflict is because as winners of the world war, they were bound to have conflict of interests especially since the U.S. was booming and the S.U. couldn’t keep up. After two weeks of threats and conflict without resolution, the U.S. and S.U. came to an agreement. If the U.S. removed their missiles from the Turkey-Russia border, which they did, then Russia would dismantle the missile bases in Cuba, which they also did. As this was an embarrassment for the Russians, they felt a bit undermined/underpowered but none the less the crisis was over. The Realist perspective gives a broad and objective overview of the situation but it does miss some things. Realists forget to consider relationships that countries may or may not have had at the time of the crisis, which can affect sever al things. Realists forget that the Russians were not allies with the U.S. which is why Russia felt it necessary to build missile bases in Cuba so they had the ability to retaliate, and the U.S. felt like it was about capabilities not intentions because of the lack in communication between the two countries. The U.S. and S.U. had selfish goals, protecting themselves, not considering what the other may have in mind; they will never know if maybe they both wanted the same thing and could have agreed on a treaty. Realists feel like Kennedy’s diplomacy is what ended the situation, but a liberalist may say it was due to the power of