3 Skills Every 21st-Century Manager Needs

3 SKILLS EVERY 21st-CENTURY MANAGER NEEDS SYNOPSIS Vatsala Mishra 2012183 Section C The past decade has seen a sudden and drastic change in the way work is done. Corporate culture has now embraced the dynamics of modern management thinking and is rapidly aligning itself with the evolving organizational environment. The HBR article ‘3 Skills Every 21st Century Manager Needs’ is a commentary on the evolving corporate structures that are more collaborative and less hierarchical. The 3 skill-sets that are mentioned are: 1.Code Switching Between Cultures: A critical practical challenge that organizations face in the increasingly interdependent global economy is the ability to function effectively across national cultural boundaries. Instead of operating exclusively within the cultural setting in which they were born and raised, individuals must now be capable of functioning appropriately in a wide variety of foreign cultural situations, many of which have different cultural n orms for appropriate behaviour that may conflict with their core values and beliefs.In response to this challenge, a growing number of management scholars have examined the antecedents and consequences of successful long-term adaptation to a foreign culture. â€Å"To work well with foreign colleagues, you may have to risk feeling inauthentic and incompetent. † –Andrew L. Molinsky. 2. Wielding Digital Influence: Being culturally fluent means being able to enter a new context, master the norms, and feel comfortable doing so. Most managers understand how to use online tools, such as LinkedIn and Facebook, to build their networks.But few use these networks to gather information and wield influence. Here are three things you can do with a strong digital network: Test ideas: Test proposals and strategies both inside and outside your organization. Float an idea to see how many â€Å"likes† it gets or to direct people to a survey. Broker connections: Increase your influ ence by positioning yourself as a bridge between unconnected groups. Identify potential collaborations and make introductions. Get feedback: Good networkers rely on their contacts to give feedback on challenges. Post a message about your struggle and solicit input. As companies become less hierarchical, the effective use of online networks will be crucial to success. † –Thomas H. Davenport and Bala Iyer. 3. Dividing Attention Deliberately: How do our brains function naturally? Close your eyes for 5 minutes and notice how your thoughts zigzag, stray, jump and double back. To ‘unnaturally’ force our brain into giving any piece of work it’s undivided attention does not really promote productivity. In the example of the IBM employees, the collective distraction of all seven of them did not lower their productivity any bit.Therefore, training ourselves to give any task our undivided attention is unnatural and unnecessary. Recent surveys have shown that wh ile ordinarily people assume that access to the internet decreases their level of productivity, it is actually quite the contrary. The productivity levels go up by over 9% and hence blaming technology for diverting our attention span is both misleading and unproductive. â€Å"Instead of battling distraction, embrace your brain’s proclivity for it. † –Cathy Davidson.

How to Make Oreo Truffles

How to Make Oreo Truffles Are Oreo Cookies one of your favorite snacks, if so, Oreo Truffles are definitely something you need to try? This recipe is fast and super easy to make, and it is also a crowd pleaser. This recipe is one way to really indulge into the Oreo fun. After making this delicious dessert it would turn your favorite cookie into an amazingly delicious truffle. First, you will need to get the equipment and ingredients you will need to make the Oreo Truffles. There are several pieces of equipment that are necessary: a Ziploc bag, baking rolling pin, blender, a bowl, 2 spoons, microwave, baking pan, and a cookie sheet.The most vital part of this recipe is the ingredients. The ingredients that you will need are 1 package of Oreo cookies; you can get the regular or double-stuffed cookies, 1 package of 8 ounce Philadelphia cream cheese; however you should avoid fat- free because it can alter the texture or taste of the truffles, and 1 lb of semi-sweet chocolate or white cho colate chips. Now that you have the equipment and ingredients needed to make the truffles, it is time to prepare the recipe. Pre-crumbling the cookies is something you must do when you are preparing your ingredients.Open the bag of cookies and put them all inside the Ziploc bag. Once all the cookies are in the bag, seal tightly and lay bag on a flat surface. Take the baking rolling pin and start rolling the pin over the bag until all cookies are crumbled. When you are finish with this process you may notice that some of the cookies are not crumble as finely as you want them to be, so then you must use the blender. Pour the cookies crumb inside the blender and cut four ounces of cream cheese. After cutting the cream cheese put it inside the blender also.Once you have the cookies crumb and cream cheese inside the blender, mix together until you get a consistent color and texture. Then you will take a spoon and pour mixture inside a bowl and refrigerate for about 30 minutes to 1 hour. While the mixture is being refrigerate you can clean up the mess and wash the equipment that you used. Now that the mixture have refrigerated, it is time to shape the balls. Take a spoon full of the mixture and try to make it as even and round as you possibly can.Roll mixture in the palm of your hands until it turns into a 1 inch circular ball. Place the ball inside a baking pan on a cookie sheet. Repeat this process until all the mixture is used up and you should have about 40-45 balls for each recipe. Refrigerate the balls for 15 minutes. As the balls refrigerate you can now open the bag of chocolate chips, pour into a bowl, and microwave until all chips have melt. When the 15 minutes is up take the balls out of the refrigerator and dip each one in the chocolate by using 2 spoons.Place each ball back on the cookie sheet and let them set until all the chocolate have hardened. Once the chocolate is hardened; you are now finish with the recipe. If you want to add a little decorations to the truffles you can use what is left of the chocolate to make zigzags patterns. After you are finish with the recipe it is now time to serve, eat, and enjoy these amazingly Oreo truffles. While eating these truffles you can really enjoy them with a cold glass of milk, but it is optional. † Dig in,† and hope you enjoy such a delicious dessert.

Poetry Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Poetry Research Paper - Essay Example Many of her poems reveal the various aspects of death which is personified in different semblances. Some of her poems which deal with the theme of death are â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death†, â€Å"I heard a fly buzz when I died†, and â€Å"I died for beauty, but was scarce†. A reflective exploration of the poem â€Å"I died for beauty, but was scarce† reveals the relationship between the various themes in Dickinson poetry such as death, beauty, and truth, apart from exposing the interconnection among her different poems and the common features of her poems. â€Å"Dickinson’s writing deals with all the stuff of life: nature, love and death, time and eternity. She treated these themes in a manner all her own: often with humor and playfulness, but also with seriousness and sensitivity.† (Borus, 44) In the poem â€Å"I died for beauty, but was scarce†, Dickinson deals mainly with death in connection to other major themes of her po etry, such as beauty and truth. Both themes are closely connected and the poet personifies them as â€Å"brethren† and â€Å"kinsmen†, who are buried in â€Å"adjoining† rooms. The use of parallel language to express the experience and goals of both the characters also suggests the connection between the two themes. It is important realize that both the speakers die ‘for’ either beauty or truth and ‘for’ refers to ‘in the cause of’. These themes are connected to death, which is the ultimate reality for all human beings, as both the speakers were not able to achieve their goals, beauty and truth. A careful reader straightforwardly recognizes that the poet is concerned with â€Å"the relationship between human mortality and the ideals of Truth and Beauty. Both of these ideals occupy an exalted place in Dickinson’s universe; both are eternal and exempt from analysis.† (Leiter, 94) The use of the word ‘faile d’ is greatly suggestive as it gives the reason for their death. â€Å"He questioned softly why I failed? / â€Å"For beauty,† I replied. / â€Å"And I for truth,--the two are one; / We brethren are,† he said.† (Dickinson) Therefore, it is important to maintain that Emily Dickinson associates beauty and truth in this poem, and presents death as the ultimate reality in life. In a reflective analysis of the poem â€Å"I died for beauty, but was scarce†, the interrelation among Dickinson’s various poems becomes palpable. Mainly, this interrelation is evident in the themes she deals with in her various poems. For example, death is one her favorite themes and she deals with this theme in her various poems such â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death†, â€Å"I heard a fly buzz when I died†, and â€Å"I died for beauty, but was scarce†. Many critics consider death as the touchstone for the poetry of Dickinson and she regarded death as the ultimate reality which reveals the exact nature of God and the state of the human soul. In the poem â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death†, death is personified as a gentleman caller or suitor who takes the poet with him and they pass different places and stages of life. Death in the poem â€Å"I heard a fly buzz when I died† is presented as painless although its vision is horrifying. Therefore, it is important to recognize that the different poems of Dickinson are interconnected on the basis of common elements such as themes. A profound analysis of

R&D Effectiveness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

R&D Effectiveness - Essay Example The acquisition and R&D based activities of the supplier with the reseller is regarded as vertical R&D based activities. In the case of vertical R&D based activities, both the parties are involved in buyer-seller relationship. The acquisition of the Medico Container Services by Merck is regarded as vertical R&D based activities. The regulatory authorities have appreciated exercises of vertical R&D based activities. It is expected that consumers are also able to benefit from the vertical R&D based activities, because such activities i.e. the integration of the supply chain, increase the efficiencies, the prices stabilize and quality of the services also improve. The R&D based activities of the Time Warner Inc. and Turner Corp., which is entirely different entertainment networks, has improved the services of the entertainment giants greatly. The regulatory authorities expressed their concerns that Time Warner after R&D based activities will be reluctant to offer and sell its video prog rams to other competitors of the cable TV companies, and Turner Corp. will have extra benefit through such bargains of R&D based activities, and Turner Corp. ... The regulatory authority therefore approved the R&D based activities as it was likely to improve the services, through ' Direct Broadcast Satellite and new wireless cable technologies' (Yang, 2005). Microsoft: Research & Development The Research and Development Credit has supported different technological innovations, which has assisted the technology companies in the 'creation and perseverance of high quality of life' for the customers. The performance of research and development are responsible for the positive economic benefits. The revenue has been increased considerably, and the employment opportunities have further expanded, at parallel there has been increase in the purchase of the capital goods, and rate of returns. The implementation of the research and development has resulted in good number of opportunities for the increase in dividends and such practices has contributed towards strengthening of the American tax base. The focus of the American government has been over ensuring that the economic growth is sustainable, and the threat to the global security is minimal, for that purpose the practice and the implementation of the research and development is expected to influence and ensure appropriate surv eillance of the goods imported and exported to the United States, such practice will correspondingly influence and improve the labor and capital requirements. The businesses in American are based on small scale businesses, which accounts for more than ninety percent of the American businesses. These small businesses contribute massively towards the gross national product of the country. The stability and the status of these small scale companies can be ensured provided that such companies are provided with an opportunity to perform in the open market,

The Effects That Tech has on diff Gens Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Effects That Tech has on diff Gens - Essay Example With these unstable effects of technology on existing two different generations, a controversial issue whether technology is a blessing or a curse arouse interest. In recent years, evolution of modern technology has increased dramatically. Young people today considered this world being transformed by technology as a better place to live in. Computers, for example, spare us from wearisome and time-consuming tasks. Instead, it enable us to buy and bank conveniently online, and help us to keep in touch with our friends and loved ones easily through emails, voice mail, or video link. Computer has taken a prominent role in molding the young minds of this modern generation. But on the other side, there’s the older generation that questions the emphasis given to modern technology as an alternative to traditional way of performing some tasks and for social interaction. Few among them, though, would rather prefer to go back to the comparatively crude products of yesteryear. One of thei r major concerns is the bad effects on their health. Modern inventions have changed the way they do things, and many laborious works have become more bearable that contribute to a sedentary life-style in large segments of the population. Therefore, the older generation owed some health problems such as heart disease to modern technology. In this case, would technology be a curse, more than a blessing? . As children, they watched the horror series Chucky in Betamax format, but now, these series can be viewed online through the Internet, or bought in CD or DVD format. Generation Y has experienced large changes in technology, so they have learned to exploit it quite effortlessly. However, they have become quite dependent on technology to conduct significant tasks and to express their individuality (Kumar & Lim, 2008, p.570). Baby Boomers are more open to technology than older generations, but they tend to remain traditional in how they interact with others, especially their families (K umar & Lim, 2008, p.570). Technology has formed a generation gap, or symbolically, a technological wedge, between Baby Boomers and their Gen Y children. This problem has not been fully addressed yet because some people are taking for granted how technology negatively affects their families. These generations must find ways to bridge this gap without necessarily contradicting their interests and preferences in life. Without resolving this gap, generation clashes can result to family conflicts and unhappiness. Gen Y children and Baby Boomer parents can use technology as a bridge that can strengthen family ties through using it to develop better learning and communication strategies. Gen Y children use technology to do multitasking, while Baby Boomer parents employ technology to supplement their activities, but most of the latter prefer doing things the traditional way, and this difference in how technology is used can lead to a strong communication gap between them. Gen Y children dep end on technology to do several tasks at the same time, which makes them great multitaskers (Cekada, 2012, p.41), while Baby Boomers do not like doing many things altogether (Cekada, 2012, p.43). Baby Boomers clash with their children who prefer finishing tasks their way, while the former want them to do things the way they used to. Because of these differences in how they see their responsibilities, Gen Y children may overlook that their parents do tasks in a different way, thereby making them impatient in dealing with the

Anishinnabe study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Anishinnabe study - Assignment Example One of the steps of colonization was identified as being denial and withdrawal. The colonizers deny the availability of cultural and social beliefs for the indigenous people. The second step was denial or eradication. The colonizers destroy any representation of the local people. The third step is denigration of the existing cultural practices by establishing their structures and social systems in the colony. The fourth step is tokenism of the colonial remnants who survive the onslaught of the colonizers. Finally, there is transformation and exploitation. The traditional culture that refuses to die is transformed into the dominating culture of the colonial society The Indian act emerged from the consolidation of the Gradual Enfranchisement Act of 1869 and the Gradual Civilization Act 1857 in 1876. One of the changes in the Indian Act is the ban of Potlatch that was a ceremony of the coastal first Nations in the west. Another change is the 1951 amendments which enacted after the Second World War. The atrocities of the war were most effective on the aboriginal people in Canada. Another change on the Act was Bill C-31 and gender discrimination which aimed to minimize gender bias. According to Johnson, treaties were the instruments that gave Europeans the rights to share resources, build relationships and settle among the natives. He discussed issues of justice system, political divisions, reconciliation law and reconciliation among

BASIC STATISTICAL MEASURES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

BASIC STATISTICAL MEASURES - Essay Example The descriptive statistics provided by the authors on their research findings forms a good basis for understanding the role played by these traits in influencing performance and efficiency of a virtual team. In the course of reading this article, I will apply myself to the issues brought about in the question paper. Consciousness variance affects virtual team performance performance in a negatively for extroversion incongruity values below 0.76/0.46=1.52. Since 77% of the sample that forms the majority falls is in this range, then it is evident that conscientiousness variance impacts negatively on performance of virtual teams (Turel & Zhang, 2010). This supports the second hypothesis which states that within-virtual-team conscientiousness variance will have a negative influence on performance of virtual team. Secondly, within-virtual-team extroversion variance does not have a positive effect on virtual team’s accomplishments since this measure did not receive any backing in the presence of a term of interaction. Thirdly, a variation in terms of extroversion helps reduce the negative impact of conscientiousness deviation on virtual teams’ performance to a great extent. Therefore, the interplay between within-virtual-team conscientiousness variations and within-virtual-team extrover sion variations will have a positive impact on virtual the performance of virtual teams. Lastly, variations on perceived problem solving methods within the team impacts negatively on performance of that particular team; hence members of a team who have similar levels of perceived of perceived requirements for problem solving make a positive contribution to group performance (Turel & Zhang, 2010). Therefore, team performance is negatively influenced by perceptions on requirements for solving problems within that particular team. In this study, nominal scale was used as seen in the selection of those interviewed, who

Organizational Ethics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organizational Ethics - Term Paper Example One example of the US legislation of FCPA Act (Foreign Trade Practice Act) restricts the US business to perform any illegal act of bribery or such illegal processes both in domestic and international markets. Nevertheless, the organizations that fail to impose few business ethics and practices fail to have a good perception in the market irrespective of the legal positions. The essay would view the Organizational Ethics from a business perspective and assess the role of stakeholders in developing and maintaining them. Organizations focus upon building a set of ethical practices in respect to its employees and community that it operates in. Velasquez (1982) suggested that it has been observed in the market that the organizations those follow ethical practices achieves higher sales and increases the market stability by retaining the talents and attracting new skilled competent employees. The human capital result in building an atmosphere within the business that practices the culture of ethics in its processes. Soe.syr.edu (2014) observed the basic elements of ethical practices and creates a culture by introducing the following: Respect: The mutual respect of the business stakeholders with the business and its surroundings is the key to this phase. Therefore an ethical business builds upon the suppliers and stakeholder’s association with other ethical people and organization to keep its image in public clean. Honor: Castro (1994) suggested that the people are the fundamental part of good ethical practice and are ambassadors of the business to its external environment to exemplify the organizational ethical backgrounds. The mutual honor between business and its stakeholders is a strong bed for ethical conduct development. Integrity: The integrity is the virtue of performance as promised. Therefore, the mutual level of trust between Organization and the employees needs to be high so that both of them practices the ethical norms, eventually

Developing and Managing the Enterprise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Developing and Managing the Enterprise - Essay Example Falling within the domain of entrepreneurship, small businesses need to have a good financial plan prepared in order to streamline the resources required to start a new business. For this purpose, a good financial plan is the crucial document which needs to be prepared wisely and as far as accurately in order to ensure that those who express their interest to finance the business must have a very clear idea of the resources required to successfully start the new business. This financial plan is being prepared for a small cookie manufacturing business involved in preparing and selling the same to a large chain store through its various stores located all across the state. Before attempting to present the financial plan, it is very important that the financial plan must outline some of the assumptions which would be taken into account while preparing the financial plan so that all the calculations made are justified. Our proposed business is going to work in retail industry. Though the industry for cookies exclusively has not yet developed however since most of the time they are being sold mostly through the retail stores therefore on broader terms, this product belong to retail industry. The recent trends in this business suggest that there is a growing trend in consumers shopping at the retail chain stores. Since these chain stores develop their own brand names as well as customer loyalty therefore the businesses which sale their products to these chain stores also get the exposures to their brands. On the whole industry is very lucrative, have good margins however there is a growing stress being placed on cost reductions as large chain stores like Wal Mart tend to buy at low prices therefore virtually forcing the suppliers to remain within their cost limits. This fact can alone dictate that in future, due to cost reductions, the margins for this business may increase and efficiencies gained. Customer Analysis Customers in this sort of business tend to develop their tastes on some particular brands and they prefer to buy their own brands. Therefore a good customer analysis is very necessary for the success of the business. (www.marketwise.net, 2008)There are various brands available in the market for cookies and each have their own market share however what is important to understand is the fact that most of the transactions are done in cash ensuring that the business have enough liquidity available in their business. This not only ensure that business has its funds but also help the business to have less reliance on the external funds. Further, it is of very important,

Nick Carraway Essay Example for Free

Nick Carraway Essay What kind of a person is Nick Carraway? How might Nick’s narration color the way readers view other characters? Provide examples. Is Nick a reliable character? Provide examples from the novel to support your responses. Nick Carraway narrates The Great Gatsby. He values knowledge and is very observant making him a good narrator. In The Great Gatsby, all the characters tend to like him and trust him with their secrets. In the beginning, Daisy talks to Nick in private and tells him of when she had her baby girl. She said, â€Å"I’m glad it’s a girl. And I hope she’ll be a fool-that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool† (17). Daisy thinks that the best way to easily get through life as a girl is to be stupid and pretty so she can marry a rich man and not have a worry in the world, which is what Daisy is doing. However, when Tom asks Nick if Daisy told him something, she lies and says they talked about horses. She was open to Nick to tell him her thoughts, but wanted it to be a secret from Tom. Nick understands the eastern way of living; with the partying, alcohol, and money. He shows the good sides of characters and the bad sides. He is a reliable character because although he adds in his biased opinions, he also tells the readers of the characters true personality and their actions. A. Through Nick, how does Fitzgerald describe each of your characters? What is Fitzgerald saying about each of your characters? Through Nick, Fitzgerald describes Tom Buchanan as a â€Å"sturdy straw-haired man of thirty with a rather hard mouth and a supercilious manner† (7). Through Fitzgerald’s diction, you can tell that Tom is arrogant and aggressive. Physically, he is described as big with muscles, a â€Å"cruel body† (7). To add to his big, arrogant figure, his voice is a â€Å"gruff husky tenor added to the impression of fractiousness he conveyed† (7). He has a personality and look that strikes fear in people and he moves around with aggressiveness. Myers Wolfsheim is described as â€Å"a small, falt-nosed Jew† (69) with a large head. He is cautious and conservative; possibly suspicious and paranoid because of the business he deals with. In The Great Gatsby, his nose is repeatedly addressed. B. Do your characters change—do they change or remain the same throughout chapters 1-5? If the character changes, how so? Do your characters mature? Grow? Regress? Please explain Myers Wolfsheim does not change much in chapters 1-5. He is not mentioned very often. Tom Buchanan does change and show more of his personality to Nick from the beginning towards chapter 3. You are really allowed to see Tom when he takes Nick to meet his mistress, Myrtle. In the hotel room, he portrays his aggression when he hit Myrtle in the face, causing her to bleed. His character does not mature, but however regresses from the first 5 chapters. In the beginning, he seems sophisticated when he was talking about books and long words. Then he regressed when he went to the apartment building with Myrtle, Nick, and the rest of the party. He drank himself silly and cheated on his wife. C. What do these characters teach Nick about himself? What do these characters say about Nick? These characters teach Nick that he is different from the urban, fast-paced life of the East. Compared to Tom and Myers, Nick seems like a boring bond man coming fresh out of the West into this new world of liquor, parties, and money. D. What do we learn about Gatsby through the characters? In chapter 4, Myer’s tells Nick about Gatsby’s â€Å"life†. He tells him about Gatsby’s time at Oxford and builds Gatsby up to be a really good, perfect man, ‘†the kind of man you’d like to take home and introduce to your mother and sister†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (72). You are unable to learn much about Gatsby through Tom. Tom doesn’t know Gatsby that well and has never been to one of his parties until Nick takes them.

Implement an Information System for SMARTS

Implement an Information System for SMARTS 1 Introduction Purpose of Document The purpose of this document is the outline the specification to implement an Information System for SMARTS. This document details the process of moving from the current system to the proposed system that was developed in addition to migrating data, also to plan for the implementation of a Help Desk to be available to staff through a Service Level Agreement. Scope In Scope Out of Scope Plan Installation of FROSTIE and SCIMITAR Integration with Surbiton Workshop Installation of FROSTIE and SCIMITAR Recruiting Staff for Help Desk Data Migration Analysis, Design and Coding of the System Staff Training Installing and Configuring the Networks End User support for FROSTIE and SCIMITAR Installation of Network Servers End User support all other Information Systems Software installation and configuration of Web Browser (Internet Explorer) 2 Installation 2.1 Deployment Plan We are planning to do a combination of Phased Geographic Deployment plan and Phased Modules plan for SCIMITAR and FROSTIE systems, this plan enables the deployment of the new system into different phases for each workshop, the 1st workshop being the Bow in east London, then Stanmore in north London then lastly will be Streatham in south London and Modules can be installed on an incremental approach. SCIMITAR and FROSTIE will be installed on the Application Server and each workstation will be configured to access them through a Web Browser, each machine in the network will require the exact same browser to minimize the risk of user confusion. The Head office will be the first point of installation and then the other two workshops will come in after. 2.2 Data Migration Data must be migrated from various forms, most of which is from Databases from the current digital systems and some data is from current paper based system databases. All stocked items must be checked and verified by the staff before the data is Migrated to ensure correct entry of data into the new system. The data that is part of the digital databases can be converted to the new system through a software program that is specialized in ETL (Extraction, Transformation, Loading) to the new system. Staff will also be selected to have authority over selected data to be migrated to the new system. Data that will be processed is as follows; Data Date SCIMITAR FROSTIE Conversion Responsibility Clients √ ETL Admin Fabric √ √ ETL Admin Fees √ ETL Admin Jobs √ Manual Admin Patterns √ √ Manual Admin POs √ Manual Admin Stock Cat. √ √ ETL Admin Stock Qty √ Manual / ETL Admin Suppliers √ Manual Admin Tailors √ √ ETL Tailors The Data Migration will commence three weeks to two weeks ahead of the new systems going live. 2.3 Training Who What to Train On How to Train Where to Train Senior Users DFDs Complete Overview Classroom Training Head office NISS Staff Complete Overview On the Job Training Head office Managers Complete Overview Train the Trainers Head office Executives DFDs One on One Training Head office Training is planned to take place one week before the new system goes live. 2.4 Business Change Issues Issues will arise if the business continuity is compromised. SMARTS business hours cannot be stopped to perform installation, if this happens, this can result in loss of Business, loss of Customers, Loss of goodwill and Loss of Cash Flow. Databases may become corrupt and data may become unreadable, causing the business significant losses. Issues can arise internally by employees fearing that their patterns of work may change and may think that their jobs may be at risk, employees may think that they may have additional responsibilities and roles to fulfill and may not get salary compensation for the additional tasks. Employees can get intimidated by the new system that will be used and hence cause them to have a higher risk of making mistakes and entering errors. Staff may deny the need to get training because of their normal work schedules. The new system is not perfect and a flaw in the system that was not initially detected can have a fatal effect after installation. 3 Support 3.1 Support Needs All users of the SCIMITAR and FROSTIE systems at SMARTS will have access to the Support Services, the service will be scheduled to have full working time at the same time of SMARTS business hours which is between the hours of 9:00 and 18:00 Monday to Friday, 9:30 to 17:30 on Saturdays, closed on Sundays and UK Bank Holidays. 3.2 The NISS Help Desk The model that will be used for the NISS help desk will be the Touch and Hold Support Model, and employ the Three Level Structure where the First Level is the Front-Line staff, this is where your calls will be initially answered and resolved, the Second Level is the Back-End Staff, this is when the issue requires special expertise within the issue. Lately, the Third Level is Draper Consulting Limited (DCL), there the user can get expert help on the issue and can give feedback on any bugs in the system of give suggestions about improving the system further. The NISS help desk office department will be held in the Head office, so the normal working hours of the Head Office will dictate the hours of the NISS staff.

John Sirica and The Ammidown Murder Essay examples -- Law

When I discovered that my English class had to do a Research Paper, I became horrified. I thought students only did this when they were finishing graduate school not when they were starting their first year in college. All I knew about research papers was that there is an overwhelming amount of research to do. In my efforts to complete this obstacle and not bore myself to sleep with researching, I wanted to do an interesting topic, but I had no idea where to begin. I spent hours going through a great number of subjects and people, but once I found topic remotely interesting, I could not find much information on the Library of Congress website. Therefore, I decided to choose one word that would hopefully lead me to an interesting topic. I set my search limits to manuscripts and searched the word murder. There, the first name at the top of the page was Sirica, John . John J. Sirica spent his younger years at Georgetown University studying law. He worked in a small law firm as an attorney, but became active in Republican Party politics. In 1957, President Dwight D. Eisenhower nominated him, as the chief judge for the U.S. District Court for D.C. Being chief judge; Sirica did not use traditional methods in the courts, but instead used his own technique of getting to the bottom of the truth. He played a famous role in the Watergate Scandal and in the murder trial of Robert Louis Ammidown. Finally, I found an interesting topic that was worth sticking with. The court case United States v. Ammidown was fascinating to me, so I immersed myself into finding sources to support my research topic. I was able to find secondary sources on the Montgomery College Catalog and through Google News. The Free Lance-Star pertaining to the case ... ...tp://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1298&dat=19711022&id=GfRNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=14oDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3630,6511498 (accessed April 19, 2012). The police were on a search for Tony Lee who was accused of murder in the death of Linda Ammidown. The Free Lance-Star (Fredericksburg), "Tony Lee Convicted of Murder." May 25, 1972. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4NpNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2YoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2403,4982008&dq=tony+lee+convicted&hl=en (accessed April 4, 2012). This contains an article on the conviction of Tony Lee by the chief Judge John Sirica. The Free Lance-Star (Fredericksburg), "Two Brothers Charged in Ammidown Murder." March 16, 1972. http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1298&dat=19720316&id=iqlWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0ucDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7421,2169052 (accessed April 11, 2012). Richard Lee and Ralph Lee were arrested and charged for the murder of Linda Ammidown.

is the brain reliable :: essays research papers

Is the Brain Reliable? The definition of the word â€Å"reliable† according to the American Heritage Dictionary is the capability of being relied on and dependable. In my personal opinion, the brain is one of the most reliable pieces of equipment that I have ever encountered. The power of the brain and its capabilities are endless. The human brain possesses both validity and consistency, while at the same time processing thousands of pieces of data a second and relaying the data into select portions of the brain. There are several aspects that are included in the brain: memory, perception, learning, consciousness, thinking, language, intelligence, motivation, emotion, personality, and sensation. These different aspects are reliant upon the brain, and without the brain the body would not be able to function. The human brain is a reliable mechanism that is capable of performing many multifaceted tasks. The brain is composed of numerous parts that work as an auxiliary to the brain, which help it function each and every day. Each individual has two portions of the brain inside his or her head, a left and a right hemisphere. The right hemisphere controls the left hand, musical and artistic ability, perception of space, imagination and fantasizing, body control, and awareness. The left portion of the brain is involved with the right hand, logical thinking, language ability, writing, math, and science work. The brain is able to decipher which side it needs to use in order to complete a subjective task. Each ability is dependent upon the brain to process the knowledge that is needed at certain times.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The major dilemma involving the brain is whether or not it is a reliable source. The brain is a complex resource that is capable of processing just about anything. The brain can accomplish any task that it is given. It can maintain thousands of pieces of data and send the information to different parts of the body. For example, when a person is about to touch a hot stove, your brain sends an impulse to the hand. The impulse tells the hand to pull away from the hot stove. It is a reflex that is commanded by the brain in order help keep the body safe. If the brain were not reliable, people would think about their actions before they made a decision. But, since the brain is reliable, people are allowed to do things as instincts and if there is something wrong, the brain will alert the body.

Heroes and Heroism in Anita Desais Clear Light of Day Essay

Heroes and Heroism in Anita Desai's Clear Light of Day      Ã‚  Ã‚   When one asks a child, "What do you want to be when you grow up?" a usual response is "a fireman" or "a ballerina."   In Anita Desai's Clear Light of Day, however, the young Bim and Raja are somewhat more ambitious; they answer that they want to be a hero and heroine.   Later, Bim asks somewhat bitterly, "The hero and heroine-where are they?   Down at the bottom of the well-gone, disappeared" (157).   Bim has lost track of her heroes; however, Raja and Tara have not.   The three siblings have very different relationships to heroic ideals.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Raja is the most obviously hero-conscious character.   First of all, he is extremely artistic and idealistic, so he adores poetry, in both English and Urdu.   He merely reads and quotes English poets, such as Byron and Tennyson; however, he goes farther in imitating the style of Urdu poetry in his own verses.   As Bim thinks, The poems were really very derivative.   On each of them she could clearly see the influence of the poets he loved and copied.   There was no image, no metaphor, no turn of phrase that was original.   Each was a meticulous imitation of what he had read, memorized and recited . . . .   One could see in them only a wish to emulate and to step where his heroes had stepped before him. (168) Raja is not trying to be an original poet on his own; he simply tries to be exactly like his heroes, which he does perfectly.   Through the Urdu poetry that he so admires, Raja becomes acquainted with his Muslim landlord and neighbor, Hyder Ali.   At first Raja merely has permission to read and borrow the books in Hyder Ali's library, but increasingly he becomes involved in that family's household.   There he learns to app... ...s Bim, because she strikes a balance between idealism and reality.   Raja is completely out of touch and gets so carried away by his glorious plans that he disregards the dangerous political situation which makes his plans impossible.   At the other extreme, Tara lacks dreams, so that she has no goals for herself and needs Bakul to force her to "be strong" and "execute her will" (17).   Bim, however, has entertained ideals, had them crushed, and finally come to terms with her disillusionment.   Bim is the heroine in Clear Light of Day.    Work Cited Desai, Anita.   Clear Light of Day.   Great Britain: Penguin Books, 1980.    Professor's Comments: Although your conclusion on Bim-as-heroine could use development--this is a fine and full exploration of the issue from your own angle.   Good use of supporting illustration, and tecnically perfect.  

New York: now and then, and the future

New York has the charm to draw the people’s interest from all over the world. New York has been the gateway of immigration in America for centuries has remained the city of dreams for the immigrants; it would not be wrong to call it the. City of American dream. It is the third most populated nation in the US with multicultural population of Italian, Irish, African American, Germany, Hispanic, Asian origin. Living in the city is captivating, because it offers variety of jobs in various areas with higher income and better living conditions. As the city’s population soared up in 20th century, the city witnessed the City subway opening in 1904 and arrival of the skyscrapers, such as Empire State Building, in 1920’s. During the Jazz age (between World War I and Great Depression) immigrant families moved outside Manhattan, raising the population of Brooklyn, which made Brooklyn more populous than Manhattan. During the WW1 and WWII the growths of women workers increased in garment factories triggering the foundation of International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. In 1927, Tin Pan Alley opened the first modern musical (Jerome Kern's Show Boat) in Broadway. One of the most important events in New York history is the Stock Market Crash, that devastated stock market in America in 1929 leading to Great Depression in 1930’s. However, more the finance and business, New York is famous for it politics and politicians. For over eighty years, New York’s politic has been played by the democratic political machine, called Tammany Hal that collapsed after the Republican reformer Fiorello LaGuardia elected mayor in 1934. The city has great monuments and parks and the master builder has been Robert Moses, who constructed bridges, parks and parkways in the 20th century. Later in mid-20th century, New York became a hub for high-tech companies and becoming the headquarter GE, IBM, Eastman Kodak, and Xerox like companies. In     the last quarter of 20th century, the New York population growth has dropped to only 2% (1965 to 1997), from 32% in 1940 to 1965. This drop is caused by the dis-organized city development.   New York is one of the most expensive cities in the world. It has also been associated protectionism and corruption. Another issue is the failure of public welfare as few cheaper rentals are avalible along with affordable quality schools, colleges and public hospitals. Due to lack of the government efforts to cater to these problems, the crime rate is also growing which makes living some where unsafe. It was the tragedy of 9-11 that changed the city in many aspects. The terrorism act had cost not only thousands of lives, but also huge grief in the hearts of its citizens. After 9/11 the government has tightened up the immigration regulations, however the tragedy has brought suspicions in a multicultural city that always welcome outsiders. Even thought the city at present is working on massive developmental projects, there are poor areas in city which has to be revamped. In order to succeed the city government needs to maintain New York international image by working on more horizontal development rather than vertical development. Such plan will need to reconstruct the older city laying the advanced infrastructure for the poor segment at well. Even though there is no perfect city in the world; New York is still one of the best cities to live in. Reference: Lange, Alexandra , Building the (New) New York. Retrieved May 15, 2007, Web site: http://nymag.com/realestate/features/2016/17143/ Malve Von Hassell , (1996). Homesteading in New York City, 1978-1993. Bergin ; Garvey. Jameson W. Doig, (2000). Empire on the Hudson: Entrepreneurial Vision and Political Power at the Port of New York Authority . Columbia University Press.

Different Types of Soils in India Essay

1. Black soils The principal region of black soils is the Deccan plateau and its periphery extending from 8 °45’to 26o north latitude and 68o to 83o45†² east longitude. They are formed from Deccan basalt trap rocks and occur in areas under the monsoon climate, mostly of semi-arid and sub-humid types. The overall climate of black soil region may be described as hot and dry summer, 40-100 cm rainfall per annum, mild to moderate winters and annual temperature ranges from 24-30o centigrade, mean maximum temperature during April-May ranges from 36~42 °C arid mean minimum temperature during winter ranges from 15-24 ° centigrade. Semi-arid to sub-humid, tropical to sub-tropical monsoon type climate with alternate dry and wet periods and calcification (formation of calcium carbonate) are favourable to the formation of black soils. The soils are characterised by dark grey to black colour with 35-60% clay, neutral to slightly alkaline reaction, high swelling and shrinkage, plasticity, deep cracks during summer and poor status of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus. Impeded drainage and low permeability are the major problems. Black soils. are divided into shallow black soil of a depth of 30-50 cms, medium black soils of 50-120 cm and deep black soils of more than 120 centimeters. The natural vegetation comprises dry deciduous species, viz palas (Butes frondoss), sisam (Dalbergia sisu), neem (Azadirachta indica) and teak (Tectona grandis). Cotton, sugarcane, groundnut, millets, maize, pulses, safflower are the common crops grown on these soils. Because of their inherent drainage problem, they are prone to salinity and sodicity under irrigated conditions unless proper drainage is ensured. Because of its high water retaining capacity, rainfed crops like minor millets, pulses like horse gram are vegetables of different types and citrus fruits can also be grown. These soils are also known as regurs, nullah regadi (a telugu word meaning black clay) and black cotton soils as cotton was the major crop grown in these soils. 2. Red soils These soils are derived from granite, gneiss and other metamorphic rocks. These soils are formed under well drained condition. The climate is semi-arid tropical with mean annual temperature of 25 °C and mean annual rainfall from 75-100 cm. The soils are higher textured, friable structure and contains low soluble salts. They are slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, well drained with moderate permeability. They are generally poor in nitrogen, phosphorus, lime, humus etc. In this soil, lime concretions and free carbonates are absent. The red colour is due to the higher degree of hydration of the fericoxide in the soils. On uplands, they are gravelly sandy or stony and porous and light coloured on which food crops like bajra can be grown. On the lower plains and valleys, they are dark, coloured fertile loams, irrigated crops like maize, wheat, pulses, potatoes, fruits, millets etc can be grown. These soils have also been found under forest vegetation. Sometimes they found along with black soils (side by side) and also yellow soils (red and yellow soils). Excessive gravelliness, surface crust formation and susceptibility to erosion due to high slopes are some of the problems in these soils which can be overcome by adopting suitable measures. Morphologically the red soils can be divided into red loams which have a cloddy structure and argillaceous soil and red earths with loose friable top soil rich in sesquioxide type of minerals. 3. Laterites and lateritic soils Laterite is a geological term and means literally a rock. The laterites and lateritic soils have been loosely used in the same sense. The lateritic soils are enriched with oxides of iron and aluminium, under the conditions of high rainfall with alternate dry and wet periods. During rainfall silica is leached downwards and iron and aluminium oxides remains in the top layers. Laterites are usually shallow and gravelly at higher lands, but are very deep loam to clay soils in the valleys where good paddy crops are produced. Higher landy soils are poor in nutrient status where as lower level soils are dark and richer in nutrients and organic matter. All lateritic soils are poor in calcium, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. They are generally well drained and porous. The soil reaction is more on the acidic side. On laterites, as already mentioned, rice is grown at lower elevations and at higher elevations, tea, coffee, cinchona, rubber and cashewnut can be grown under good soil management conditions. On the whole, laterites are poor in fertility and readily respond to manuring and good cultivation. Based on the climate lateritic soils are grouped into high rainfall areas with strongly and weakly expressed dry season and humid zones with pronounced dry & wet periods. 4. Alluvial soils Alluvial soils, cover the largest area in India (approximately 7 lakh km2) and these are the most important soils from agricultural point of view. The main features of alluvial soils have been derived as silt deposition laid down by the Indian river systems like the Indus, the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the rivers like Narmada, Tapti: Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Cauvery. These rivers carry the products of weathering of rocks constituting the mountains and deposit them along their path as they flow down the plain land towards the sea. Geologically, the alluvium is divided into recent alluvium which is known as Khadar and old alluvium, as bhangar. The newer alluvium is sandy and light coloured whereas older alluvium is more clayey, dark coloured and contains lime concretions. The soils have a wide range in soil characteristics viz. acid to alkaline sandy to clay, normal to saline, sodic and calcareous, shallow to very deep. The climate ranges from arid to humid s ub-tropical. The following groupings of alluvial soils may be recognised: alluvial soils (Khadar, bhangar and highly calcareous), deltaic alluvium, coastal alluvium, coastal sands, calcareous sierocomic and grey-brown soils. a. Alluvial soils The alluvial soils occuring in the Indo-Gangetic plains and the Brahmaputra valley cover a large area. The soils are transported and deposited by the rivers from the parent material. The rivers are the Ganga, Jamuna, Brahmaputra and their tributaries. The soils are deep and hard pans in the subsoil are calcareous (made of calcium carbonate) and acidic. These are deficient in nitrogen, phosphorous and humus, but not in potash and lime. These soils are fertile amongst all the soils of India. They produce a wide variety of crops like rice, wheat, sugarcane, jute and potato. They are distributed mainly in the northern, north-western and north-eastern parts of our country. b. Deltaic alluvial soils They are formed from sediments carried by rivers and deposited in the mouths of rivers joining the sea. The deltas of the Ganga, Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Cauvery are the most important ones. In Gujarat, the deltaic alluvial soils which are sandy loam to clay loam are locally called Goradu soils. The Godavari and Krishna rivers pass through basaltic region having black soils and these soils are dark and fine textured. The Cauvery delta soils are significantly clayey and Ganga delta soils show high accumulation of organic matter, as in the Sunderbans of West Bengal, due to swampy vegetation. These soils are fertile and grow a wide variety of crops suited to climatic conditions. c. Coastal alluvium Soils developed on coastal alluvium are found along, the sea coasts. Soils are dark coloured, coarse textured and poor in fertility. Some soils are saline due to the inundation of sea water. Such soils in the Konkan coast of Maharashtra are called Khar soils. d. Coastal sands Sandy soils occur prominently in the coastal area of Tanjavur district of Tamil Nadu, along the Kerala coast, Bapatla in Guntur distrjct of Andhra Pradesh and Puri district in Orissa. If sandy soils are not saline, plantation crops like coconut, cashew and casuarina can be taken up for cultivation. Other soils under alluvium are calcareous sierozomes and grey brown soils. Calcareous sierozomes can be seen in the desertic region of Haryana and Punjab. The word ‘sierozem† denotes a group of soils having a brownish-grey surface horizon with a sub-layer of carbonates which is developed under mixed shrub vegetation in a-temperate to cool, arid climate. Grey-brown soils as the name itself indicates its nature, can be found in, desert soils of Rajasthan. 5. Desert soils In the north-western part of India, desert soils occur over an area of 0.29 million hecta,res, which includes a major part of Rajasthan, south of Haryana and Punjab and northern part of Gujarat. Rainfall ranges from less than 10 cms to 50 cms, mostly contributed during monsoon season. The region consists of sand dunes and undulating sandy plains. The temperature regime is very high throughout the year and a maximum of 50-60 °C is recorded during summer. Due to high temperature organic-matter built up is very low. The soils in the plains are mostly derived from alluvium and are pale brown to brown to yellow brown and fine sandy to loamy fine sand and are structureless. The clay contents low and presence of alkaline earth carbonates is an important feature. The nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus makes the desert soils fertile and productive under proper moisture supply. By increasing the water holding capacity, the productivity of the soils can be increased which involve s addition of organic matter and clay. 6. Tarai soils The word â€Å"tarai† is a hindi word, which means moist. Thus, i is a wet regime having high water table. Tarai soils are foot hii soils and extend in strips of varying widths at the foot of Himalayas in Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar-Pradesh, Bihar and West-Bengal. Soils under the natural conditions are thickly vegetated and swampy. Several types of grasses and trees from the native vegetation on removal of which the soils become highly productive. The soils are formed from the materials that are washed down by the erosion of mountains. They are alluvial origin. High soil moisture content all through the year results in luxuriant vegetation dominated by tall grasses. They are neutral to slightly alkaline with significant amounts of organic matter. The texture varies from sandy loam to silty loam. Generally, these soils are fertile and by providing proper drainage, the productivity can be increased.

The Principle Of Accounting And Management Accounting Essay

Business moralss is of import in presents, as the human civilisation development. People ‘s life manner, public positions of event and the new engineering of media are non every bit same as before. All of the alterations are raising concern ethic onto a high degree importance for concern. Business in order to accomplish long-run net incomes, client relationship, it must utilize the moralss to curtail the duty ‘ ( Ferrell, Fraedrich & A ; Ferrell 2008 ) . For illustration, the recent events in Corporate America have demonstrated the destructive effects that occurs when the leading of a company does non act ethically, and concern savvy corporate professionals at Enron, Tyco, WorldCom, and Adelphia got themselves into such a large muss. The job lies in a profound deficiency of moralss. B ) ‘An ethical issue is a job, state of affairs, or chance that requires an single, group, or organisation to take among several actions that must be evaluated as right or incorrect, ethical or unethical. ‘ ( Ferrell, Fraedrich & A ; Ferrell 2008 ) For illustration, â€Å" Venkat as a database decision maker for a company found a memo about a co-worker acquiring sacked due to non working up to standard and holding a bad attitude. Venkat is shocked at this because this co-worker Tom is an built-in member of successful development of an object due to his working relationship with providers. And besides a best friend of Venkat, amongst general conversation Venkat finds out that Tom is about to suggest to his girlfriend and set a sedimentation on a new residential unit. † ( Blount 2008 ) For this instance the moralss issue is Venkat ‘s unity moving candidly and being straightforward towards Tom ( trueness to Tom as a friend ) VS trueness to tauten self involveme nt of maintaining his occupation. Ethical quandary ‘are a job, state of affairs, or chance that requires an single, group, or organisation to take among several incorrect or unethical actions that have no right or ethical picks, merely less unethical or illegal pick as perceived by any and all stakeholders. ‘ ( Ferrell, Fraedrich & A ; Ferrell 2008 ) it exists when two or more values are in struggle, and seek from moralss a declaration to this struggle. For the above instance the ethical quandary were: Tell Tom that he is about to be sacked, this affects Tom as he loses his occupation, Venkat as he may lose his occupation if company financess out he breach confidentiality and the company because Tom may sell confidential info or do malicious harm to their belongings. Keep silent, this affects Tom as he will lose occupation and be under fiscal force per unit areas, Venkat loses an built-in squad member. Company works more expeditiously and has better client dealingss. degree Celsius ) Ferrell stated the moralss issue or quandary is evidently, when the job is approximately opprobrious or intimidating behaviour, lying, struggles of involvement, graft, corporate intelligence, favoritism, sexual torment, environmental issue, fraud, insider trading, intellectual-property rights, and privateness issue. ( Ferrell, Fraedrich & A ; Ferrell 2008 ) The ethic issues ever occur with struggles of involvements, evaluated as right or incorrect, ethical or unethical. Let the organisation to seek from moralss a declaration to this struggle. So in an organisation the values of struggles are more impetuousness the issue and quandary is more evidently. vitamin D ) As the definition of moralss issue is a job, state of affairs, or chance. So it could non be kept inactive. Since moralss are made up of moral regulations and these regulations as different common jurisprudence, and different societies and civilizations have different set of moral codifications. â€Å" Merely like kids civilizations are exposed to different stimulation and that produces different personality aka Morals. Over clip a stimulation may impact a section of the population in such a dramatic manner that they change as a society their moral brand. † ( Wikipedia, 2009 ) . Now that construct is considered unethical, moral Ethic issues are alteration over clip.Question 2The four factors of ethical decision-making model are ethical issue strength, single factors, organisational factors and chance. ( Ferrell, Fraedrich & A ; Ferrell, 2010, p.122 ) . Ethical-issue strength can be defined as the perceptual experiences about ethical issue for single or group. It se ems like Jim had realize do non describe the bad waste goes into the river is unethical behaviour, because Jim was thought the factory ‘s waste disposal into the river did non exceeded Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) guideline, but when he knows the truth, he was amazed. As a director of Cinco, Jim has duty to maintain the works running ethically, environment pollution and payoff are ever serious ethical issues, non merely for Jim besides for Cinco Corporation. If factory was shutdown, many people in the town will lose their occupations, even a whole household, because in facts, the works boasts about employees whose male parent and grampss have besides worked at that place. This ethical issue is really of import to both Cinco and Jim. In a word, ethical-issue strength should be the indispensable factor in the ethical decision-making procedure ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . Individual factors include instruction, nationality, age and venue of control ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . Individual factors have more consequence on person ‘s behaviour, doing the difference among different persons. For Jim, he merely finishing the preparation plan, there is a lactiferous calling for him in the hereafter. What ‘s more, all of his predecessor wage for Ralph, and nil happened. Jim face both fire, but he have to take one. Ethical civilization displays whether the administration has an ethical scruples ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 p127 ) . Organizational factors conclude corporate civilization, obeisance to authorization and ethical civilization ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . The organisation ‘s policy gives directors excessively much infinite and opportunity to things unethically, in another words-lack of control. As a consequence, it creates a hole in the company ‘s system so that Jim ‘s predecessor can utilize it to accomplish excess benefits, many other employees in the company besides have got benefit by making unethical behaviour, it reflects the corporate civilization. The last 1 is chance. It means the state of affairs in administrations that limit or permit ethical or unethical behavior ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010, p127 ) . Cinco Corporation merely focuses on public presentation and deficiency of supervising on procedure control. These features are in which create chance for directors to take unethical behavior. As a effect, Jim can make this without fright due to any regulations or penalties.Question 3a ) The organisations like PETCO faced with several ethical issues, such as 1 ) PETA think they sell or use animate beings for commercial intent, 2 ) mistreatment of animate beings, 3 ) clients found ill finches, a mouldy dead polo-neck, dead birds, and a frog â€Å" cooked to decease † and soaking clients on sale points, 4 ) sexual and other types of torment, drug maltreatment, plus protection and force, 5 ) struggle of involvement, 6 ) the credence of gifts and amusement B ) The definition of primary stakeholder could be who has direct influence with house ‘s endurance, which can be employees, clients, investors, and stockholders, besides include authoritiess and communities that provide necessary substructure ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . For secondary stakeholder, it has non direct relationship with the house and has non critical effects on the house that include media, trade associations and special-interest groups ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . PETA, as a special-interest group, it was focused on big animate beings, nevertheless, carnal gross revenues merely got 5 % of PETCO ‘ s gross, so PETA ‘ s unfavorable judgment had non indispensable for its endurance, what ‘s more, PETA besides did n't affect in PETCO ‘ s dealing. All of above shows PETA is a secondary stakeholder of PETCO. degree Celsius ) ‘Shareholder theoretical account of corporate administration is founded in authoritative economic principles, including the end of maximising wealth for investors and proprietors. ‘ ( Ferrell, Fraedrich & A ; Ferrell 2008 ) For keeping intent of public presentation answerability between top direction and the house ‘s stockholders, publically traded houses, corporate administration focuses on developing and bettering the formal. Stakeholder theoretical account of corporate administration ‘adopts a broader position of the intent of concern, although a company has a duty for economic success and viability to fulfill its shareholders, it besides must reply to other stakeholder, including employees, providers, authorities regulators, communities and particular involvement groups with which it interacts ‘ ( Ferrell, Fraedrich & A ; Ferrell 2008 ) . Comparer the two theoretical accounts, the truth is that the stockholder theoretical account is a more restrictive precursor to the stakeholder orientation. In this instance, PETOC is more focal point on stakeholder relationship development, so stakeholder theoretical account is better represented. vitamin D ) Social duty means organisation ought to maximise its positive consequence on stockholders and acquire the negative impact in lower limit, which besides includes four stairss, viz. , economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . The first measure is economic ; it is common sense that about organisations have a mark in the economic, doing the maximized net income. They have duty for their stakeholders who invest money on the organisation. Merely if the organisation makes great return for the stakeholders, they would wish to put more money. On other manus, economic besides includes support occupations in society and contribute goods and service to the economic system ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . PETCO chose 12,000- to 15,000-square-foot shop that close local vicinity shopping finish as the chief format ; as a consequence, well locations will make big figure of net income. Besides, PETCO has 16,900 employees, 9,000 of which are full clip, assisting many people to work out their working job. What ‘s more, PETCO build up PETCO Foundation and other plans, like â€Å" Round up † , â€Å" Think Adoption First † . They donate in-kind goods and service to heighten the relationship between people and pets for valuable organisations. The 2nd measure is legal which means organisation should obey all Torahs and authorities ordinance ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . PETCO besides fulfill this measure, for illustration, it encourage all associates should follow the accounting Torahs include the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the by and large accepted accounting rules. The 3rd measure is ethical, which support rules and criterions to steer behaviour in the organisation ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . In the PETCO, it has several ethical plans to standard employees and stakeholders ‘ behaviours. For illustration, it avoids strugg les of involvement among associates and has the codification of ethical to turn to the credence of gifts and amusement. The highest measure is beneficent. In this measure, organisation is encouraged to do part to the society by their ain determination ( Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J & A ; Ferrell, L, 2010 ) . PETCO does good in this facet through set uping foundations and plans. PETCO Foundation is one of the foundations to progress charitable, educational, and other philanthropic activities for the betterment of animate beings everyplace. The â€Å" Round Up † Program already raised $ 817,000 for local animal-welfare organisations in 2004. Beside them, PETCO besides has other plan contribute to philanthropic, such as, â€Å" Think Adoption First † , â€Å" Jumping a Pet † , â€Å" Tree of Hope † , â€Å" National Pet Adoption Days † and â€Å" Kind News † . Above all, PETCO already met the four degree of societal duty.Question 4In this inquiry, I would take ANZ bank from the Connect 4 Database to be analyzed as follows. It is stress on concern unity and professionalism, in order to run into the highest degrees of revelation and conformity. Through analyzing of the one-year study, it is could give a better of understanding how this company to obey the rules with ASX Governance. What will be concentrated on are Principle 2 and 4. The 2 rule is construction the board to add a value. Companies should hold a board of an effectual composing, size and committedness to adequately dispatch its duties and responsibilities. ( JIM PSAROS, 2009, p9 ) . This rule is aimed to set up a board in sensible construction so that the board is able to carry on their responsibilities efficaciously. ANZ used to finish the rule with Recommendation 2.1 A bulk of the board should be independent managers ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p10 ) . During the one-year study we can establish there are 10 managers in the board. Nine of them are independent managers, it besides stated that under appropriate state of affairss the managers, the board and the board commission are allowed to happen outside professional advice. It entree in appropriate fortunes to independent professional advice ( ANZ one-year study, 2009 ) Recommendation2.2. The chair should be an independent manager ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p17 the president of ANZ is a independent manager. He is besides a no-executive manager as good. He is responsible for leading of the board and for the efficient administration and behavior of the board ‘s operation. As the function in chair should ease the effectual part of all managers and advance constructive and respectful dealingss between managers and between board and direction. In the managers study of one-year study in ANZ it besides motioned they strict followed the function. ( ANZ one-year study, 2009 ) Recommendation 2.3 The function of chair and main executive officer should non be exercised by the same person ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p17 ) . During the one-year study, it province that the company divide the function of the president and the executive, The division of duties between the chair and the main executive officer should be agreed by the board and set out in a statement of place or authorization. They have different duty. ( ANZ one-year study, 2009 ) Recommendation 2.4 The board should set up a nomination commission ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p18 ) The board of ANZ besides delegate several commission such as administration commission, Human resources commission, hazard commission, audit commission and engineering commission. The board commission will hold a self-assessment to look into the completion of the responsibilities, ends and aims. They besides need to put the hereafter mark. ( ANZ one-year study, 2009, pp62-63 ) . Recommendation 2.5 Companies should unwrap the procedure for measuring the public presentation of the board, its commissions and single managers ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p19 ) . ANZ have public presentation ratings to look into the operation of the board, commissions and managers. This helps to guarantee the stockholders are able to maintain their value stable. ANZ present the ways that they evaluate assorted parties. In footings the rating of the non-executive managers. ANZ bank has an one-year reappraisal base to look into the completion of the responsibilities of managers. The president would keep a meeting with every single manager to look into the conformity of codification of behavior /ethics. The president will describe the item of the rating to the board or Governance commission. When the non- executive manager confront the re-selection. They will be given a opportunity to supply unwritten or written statement to bespeak the ground of rhenium -selection. Witho ut the non-executive manager, the Sus scrofas so will evaluation the statement harmonizing to the demand of public presentation to make up one's mind whether to hold the re-selection. In respect of the rating of the president of the board, the president of administration commission will confer with the managers to look into the public presentation of the president of the board harmonizing to the functions of the president of the board. Then, the president of administration commission will fix an overview study to the administration commission and the board. The president of board will have a study as a feedback. Recommendation 2.6 Companies should supply the information indicated in the Guide to describing on Principle 2 ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p20 ) .The board will be measure around 3 old ages. ANZ will ask for external facilitator to look into the public presentation of them so that the issues of the operation will be found. As an indicant of the rule, the ANZ-09-annual study reveals the experience, headers, former directorships, and the related item of the managers. The study besides indicates the attacks of the appraisal of the managers, commissions, board and presidents. The functions of presidents and the managers are besides explained in the study. Furthermore, the responsibilities and the policy of assorted commissions are shown in the study. ( ANZ one-year study, 2009 ) The rule 4 is to set up a construction to safeguard and scrutinize the unity of the fiscal coverage independently ( ASX Corporate Governance Council,2 vitamin E vitamin D n. ) The undertakings related to this rule are Recommendation 4.1: The board should set up an audit commission ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p25 ) The ANZ bank establishes an audit commission. The major responsibility of the commission is to scrutinize the fiscal coverage and scrutinizing rating. The commission makes assignment for the external audit party every bit good. The president of the commission is an expert in the fiscal country. He leads the operation of the commission, nevertheless, he does non hold any other add-on duty comparing to other members. ( ANZ one-year study, 2009 ) Recommendation 4.2: The audit commission should be structured so that it: consists merely of non-executive managers, consists of a bulk of independent managers, is chaired by an independent chair, who is non chair of the board 4 ) has at least three members ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p25 ) The construction of the audit commission have several cardinal characteristic. It consists of four members. All of them are independent, non-executive managers. Chairman, Mr. I J Macfarlane, is non the president of the board. ( ANZ one-year study, 2009 ) Recommendation 4.3: The audit commission should hold a formal charter ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p26 ) . The ANZ bank has a formal charter for the audit commission. For case, this charter requires that the member of the company must be financially liberated. They must non hold the nature to derive benefit from pull stringsing the fiscal study. The president of the company is an expert in fiscal. But he does non hold the power beyond other members of the commission. Recommendation 4.4: Companies should supply the information indicated in the Guide to describing on Principle 4 ( ASX Corporate Governance Council 2007, p27 ) . The duty and the manner of conductivity of audit commission are good reported in the one-year study. The members of the commission and their experience, including the limitation of the commission and president are good indicated in the study. However, the study merely mentioned that ANZ bank had a charter of the audit commission and several illustrations of it. There is no full tabular array of charter for the readers. ( ANZ one-year study, 2009 ) B ) Transparency means openness, communicating and answerability in general account. However, in concern, transparence could be described as revelations of related studies or executive procedures so that the direction of a company could be oversighted and governed by internal and external users or stakeholders in the concern group ( Hermalin & A ; Weisbach 2007 ) . As we know that a company dedicates to heighten its corporate administration, increasing transparence could be adopted, such as increasing unwraping demands particularly the fiscal revelation statements. Because corporate administration of a company is the system and procedures exercised and controlled by the corporation, like managers and direction, and besides trades with the relationship among stakeholders of the company, doing executive procedures or decision-making processs for the company transparent could heighten the administration of the corporation ( Hermalin & A ; Weisbach 2007 ) . There is existent illustration to demo that in order to manage the corporate dirts occurred in celebrated and large companies increasing disclosing demands has been one of the alterations to heighten the corporate administration advocated by authorities. For illustration, in US, the celebrated Enron dirts, Sarbanes-Oxley ( sox ) was adopted in response to the dirt and other administration failures and requires unwraping, â€Å" elaborate off-balance sheet funding and particular purpose entities † . So there exists positive relationship between transparence and corporate administration and transparence is increased for the object to heightening corporate administration. In the statements of ASX CGPR, most rules would turn to transparence. For illustration, in principle1, revelation of procedure for measuring public presentation of senior executives has been required and this would increase the transparence of the assessing processes to the populace. In priciple2, ASX addresses the transparence through unwraping the procedures for measuring the public presentation of the board, commissions and single managers, and elaborate information would be presented in the corporate administration subdivision of an one-year study, such as in the corporate administration statements portion of one-year study for Blackmores Ltd. And in rule 3 of ASX CGPR, the transparence is addressed during the process of showing the publicity of ethical and responsible decision-making. In other rules of ASX statements, transparence is besides presented by the demand for unwraping related exercise or executing procedures. For case in rule 5, 7 and 8, in order to do confidence for the conformity to related demands or ordinances, the letter writer company constabularies should be published and crystalline to internal and external users. Harmonizing to the old analysis, transparence is addressed throughout the conformity to the rules of ASX CGPR.

For Reasons Unknown

They are framed within the situation. However, the problem of Vladimir and Estrange in Waiting for God begins with their world and themselves. In fact, it is the beginning Of the play as well. They cannot realize the world nor can they realize themselves-?a characteristic of the typical absurdity as defined by Albert Campus in The Myth of Sisyphus. Like Campus in The Myth of Sisyphus, Go and Did do not know whether God exists or not. Their world without certainty promises only despair. They find a universe without moral restraint, so the universe is meaningless.The characters in the mentioned plays of Becket, Waiting for God and Act Without Words l, are condemned to move within the fixed framework of futility and hopeless labor. In The Myth of Sisyphus Campus observes: I see many people die because they judge that life is not worth living. See others paradoxically getting killed for the ideas or illusions that give them a reason for living (what is called a reason for living is also an excellent reason for dying). 1 Actually, Vladimir and Go have no reason to live nor have they any reason to commit suicide.They have a world which cannot be related with their idea of the past. They are driven by a nostalgic longing for the past that is unexplainable through the present. As Did says: the good of losing heart now, that's what say. We should have thought of it a million years ago, in the nineties. 2 Moreover, they have a present that is inexplicable through their idealism. Sago's boot, Dido's hat, the tree, the place, the day, Lucky and Bozo, the boy (or boys) and at last, God-?everything is incomprehensible to them. As a matter of fact, they are captured in the frame of their situation.Hence, for hanging themselves, the iris problem to Go and Did is the lack of rope and strong tree, that is, the devices and tools of committing suicide are absent here. Secondly, they cannot leave each other. If one hangs oneself successfully, whereas the other cannot, the other wil l remain lonely. So, they mar their plan of committing suicide. Thinking and talking of suicide, even trying it, may be a vision to them. It may be a way to pass the time. In fact, never do Vladimir and Estrange in Waiting for God think of suicide in a realistic context-?though suicide might have been an escape from the ennui Of life.Throughout the lay Vladimir and Estrange invent many devices to prove their existence and to pass the time. Taking off boots, Vladimir problem with his hat, their effort to commit suicide, their waiting for God-?all gives way to passing their time. It is an interesting fact that Vladimir and Estrange never search for other devices and processes for committing suicide. Maybe, a knife, a pistol, and starvation could suffice their purpose. Even, when they observe Lucky driven by rope, they forget all about it. They might have taken the rope forcibly for hanging themselves.In the second act it is easier for them to snatch it cause Bozo is blind and both of the two are helpless here. Moreover, they forget about when the devices are before them. In reality, they are not serious about killing themselves. They are only thinking of it, as many poets thought about and loved to die in imagination, but never committed suicide. Suicide for them, therefore, is just another diversion of fantasy. It is a strong consolation; it helps them to forget the boredom of everyday life where nothing can be done at all.They find it impossible for the two to kill themselves. They first realize that the only tree in their world, a weeping Lillo, will not support Vladimir weight on the noose and therefore will not break his neck. The second day, Vladimir and Estrange cannot hang themselves because they do not have the requisite piece of rope. By the second day, however, they have forgotten that they cannot hang themselves from the only available tree, and therefore their complaints about the lack of a suitable piece of rope are unnecessary.They observe a world that is devoid of the tools required for committing suicide. Accordingly they come, again and again, to the realization of nothing-to-be-done. Suicide might have been n end to this meaningless absurd life. They contemplate about hanging themselves on the tree. Suicide can be thought of the ultimate conclusion to a meaningless life. Campus claims that suicide is an attempt to escape from the consciousness of absurdity. But ultimately Campus proposes man to live. They do not commit suicide physically, yet they surrender to the captured situation.Whatever they do is to give the impression that they exist. But this sort of existence only calls for pity. Hanging from the tree would have proved that they have the guts at least to do something. This ontological problem is, no doubt, the main issue of the play. They are indecisive whether to go on this nothing-to-be-done life or to commit suicide. They are tired of living (Estrange says: I'm tired breathing. 3), yet they come to the realiz ation that ‘To be dead is not enough'. 4 They have no doubt that they are living beings. But they need a meaning to exist.So their realization will never let them commit suicide, rather they will be waiting for God until he comes. Again, their view of life is not to resign from life but to resume it. Vladimir, at the very outset of he play, clarifies it: â€Å"All my life I've tried to put it [Nothing to be done] from me, saying, Vladimir, be reasonable, you haven't yet tried everything. And I resumed the struggle. â€Å"5 After some time Go comments that Did always waits till the last moment. The big nothingness in their world has nothing to do with their life. They are hopeful in the depth of their minds of a bright future.So, Did says in the end of the first act, â€Å"Tomorrow everything will be better That is why they notice that the tree has sprouted leaves in the second act. Whether one says that in the two acts in the play nothing appends Nice or everything happens twice, Vladimir and Estrange are sentenced on the stage (symbolic of the life itself). They cannot escape it. They are habituated to such absurd life-?to talk, to eat, to wait and to live an meaningless life. Campus rightly puts it: â€Å"We get into the habit of living before acquiring the habit of thinking. ‘7 In this way all the character hopes to carry on living.Moreover, suicide itself may be considered as a vigorous aspect of life. When Go reminds Did of their plan of hanging, Did tells him that it them an erection. Suicide is considered in sexual term here. Though suicide as a sexual term may seem to be funny, it is, in fact, their view of life. They never consider suicide as the annihilation of life; rather their thought of suicide strengthens their bond and increases their yearning to live, as sexuality begets new life. In the mime play, Act without Words l, the only character is captured in the dust, symbolic of the uncomfortable life.In the beginning the man is see n trying to escape from this captured life, but he never can-?he is repeatedly thrown in the dust whenever he tries to escape. Gradually he becomes hopeless to flee, and surrenders himself to the taxation. In this play we find several steps. The entire action of the play takes place in a desert under the scorching sun, suggested by ‘dazzling light'. The unnamed man is directed by a whistle to move right or left. He can never escape the unbearable sun, though he is given a tree for shade. When he becomes intolerably thirsty he is shown water.But whenever he wants to catch it, it is lifted up somehow. He is forced to go without food and drink. The play seems a behaviorism experiment within the framework of the Greek classical myth of Tantalus, who stood in a pool of water which receded every mime he bent to drink it, and stood under a fruit tree which raised its branches every time he reached for food. The mythical Tantalus was punished for his own act. Whereas Godson's existenc e remains uncertain, in Act Without Words there is a God-like force, represented by a sharp whistle which will not permit the man to leave.The play is a parable of resignation from life; a condition one reaches only after a series of disappointments. The man has learned hardship that there is nothing he can depend on in life other than himself, even to commit suicide. Interestingly he cannot commit suicide also. Unlike Vladimir and Estrange, he has all the tools to kill himself-?tree, rope and noose, and box to stand on it. Yet he cannot commit suicide because whenever he needs the tools they somehow become unreachable.As a result, he has to submit to the situation without any effort to live or die. In this dumb show the man is not allowed to commit suicide, yet he is not allowed to be living. He is only granted inertia. AY last he is seen to lose hope to quench his thirst with water in the carafe. He remains defeated, having opted out Of the struggle. We observe here a man in frust rated efforts. The man in Act Without Words I possesses only two natural tools, mind and hands, which distinguish him from other animals, he tries to survive, to secure some water in the desert.The mind works, at least in part: he learns – small cube on large; he invents, or is given inventions – scissors, cubes, rope; he reacts and tries to end his life. But when he learns to use his tools effectively, they are confiscated: the scissors, when he reasons that in addition to cutting his fingernails, he might cut his throat; the blocks and rope, when he discovers that they might make a gallows. However, the man's effort to commit suicide s not a vision, rather he tries to escape a life that seems to be a nightmare. Yet he is seized in ‘no-exit' situation.

Stewardship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stewardship - Essay Example We should submit our wills to God because He is the one who created us and sent to this world to live and perform all activities with righteousness and justice. He helps us in all fields of our lives. â€Å"There is no one like the God of Jeshurun, who rides across the heavens to help you and on the clouds in his majesty† (Deuteronomy 33:26, New International Version). God asks us to love humanity and to be thankful to Him for His blessings. Being stewards, we should fulfill His expectations and should love His all creatures including the environment around us. â€Å"The despoiling of the environment as nothing less than the degradation of God's gracious gift of creation† (Evangelical Lutheran Church in America [ELCA], n.d.). form this statement, it is clear that God wants us to take care of the environment that he has created for us. He does not want us to spoil anything because everything around us has some role to play either for our benefit or for the environment. T herefore, God has said that the act of despoiling the environment is same as degrading the whole creation. Another thing evident from the readings is that God wants justice from us in whatever we do. â€Å"Justice is rooted in the character of God† (Oxford, 1990). ... Justice for all is also one of the main requirements and a perfect example of stewardship. â€Å"Commitment to justice is intrinsic to Christian faith† (Anonymous, 1982). Moreover, economic production also relates to stewardship, as God wants us to create new things and get benefits. The implication of the working definition of stewardship for decision-making process is that people should obey the instructions of God while making any kind of decision whether for their personal matters or for any one else. God wants us to recognize our responsibilities and fulfill them. For example, we need to do justice in everything we do. Decision-making requires a careful analysis of issues. If we are at some position where our decisions put a direct impact on the lives of others, we need to look at the issues very carefully because our decision will be going to affect many other people. Not only in such scenarios, we also need to do justice even for little issues because it is the order of our creator. Being stewards, we need to fulfill the expectations of our Lord in order live a peaceful life. God does not demand from us any such act that can make our lives difficult. He loves us, he has created us, and he wants us to live our lives in accordance with His rules and instructions. If we talk about the ramifications of the working definition of stewardship for the business management practices, we can say that stewardship demands commitment, dedication, and honesty in business related practices. God wants us to do business under a legal framework. In any company, employees and managers perform the business related practices within their respective areas of

7 days in the art world Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

7 days in the art world - Coursework Example There is the element of dilemma through the book to an extent that the reader the at the end of the book the reader still yarns for more in order to understand the reasons as to why some arts are more valued than others. It truly offers the "elegant, evocative, sardonic view into some of the art worlds most prestigious institutions." It brings out in someone the desire to understand and know more about the hidden quirkiness of the area of interest. Bringing out the inner cycles of the inner art world through the hope of drawing and capturing the attention of the affluent collectors, dealers, curators, and advisers surrounding the scene of art in the contemporary society (Sarah, 174). The most intriguing part of the story is the shift from one chapter to the next with a view of an art from outside. As such, she puts forward an idea that her work is beyond simply the questions of who make, market, sell and buy art. Rather her scope is to put forth the idea of good work as is seen in her saying that; "why mention, in acknowledgments, that you talked to them at all? No one likes a tease." The work has also bagged major art warriors such as Nicholas Serota and Philippe Segalot. The portrayal of religious matters of the art does not guide well her well-chosen structure of work hence breaking the art world down. The light she sheds son the characters especially those of religious scripts does not truly conform to the kind of religion one would expect from such characters. Her eye for telling only the detailed circumstances just as much as a journalist would, is circumstantially devoted to ascertaining skewed attention towards some features and ignoring some details. Just to point out, in the studio several passports and visas are spotted by her together with entry and exit stamps, this is used to symbolize the international trade that goes on in the arena of art. The

History of Art and Visual Culture 1400 - 1900 Essay

History of Art and Visual Culture 1400 - 1900 - Essay Example Conversely, the Visual Art is regarded as a form of intellectual and cognitive learning skills and experiences. For example, the construction of the circle, rectangular drawings, and painting composition procedures are described to be having ability of demanding high judgment values from the painters. The body entombment was presented in its original size, shape, kind and color complying with the law of nature. In addition, the measurements and the proportions of the living creatures that were around d the death served as a point of reference in making the Entombment justification to be a real event (Zirpolo, 2008). However, death body manifested itself when the limbs and other parts of the body could not be able to perform any duty of life function. Nevertheless, apart from the color, size, function and the kind composition abilities evaluated, individual confirming dignity of the entombed body was addressed. For instance, the clothing used in the death event presented type, functio n and dignity, a factor that was very essential in the ancient painting. The Raphael entombment picture was pleasing and appealing; it had a mixture of old men and youths without indicating a virtual emptiness. Additionally, the attitude and gestures were not appearing in the entombed feature as the mourners were in full control of the entombed movement activities (harmony in accordance with the action). The entombment emotions were presented moving in different directions presenting grief and anger.

Ancient world artifacts Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ancient world artifacts - Research Paper Example It was during this civilization that important inventions such as the wheel, the art of writing and communication, and the development and construction of cities were made (Pollock, 1999, Pp.3). The civilization flourished between 4000 – 1200 B.C., although the development and settlement of civilizations began as far back as in the 7000 B.C.E. during which the ancient Mesopotamians first learned to farm and herd cattle for livelihood (Armstrong, 2002, Pp.1). The artifacts studied for the purpose of this paper, include: The Sickle sword and the Cylinder seal with modern impression of a winged horse, both of which belong to the middle Assyrian period. The Assyrians were known for their cuneiform writings / inscriptions on clay as well as other instruments. The cruciform form of writing was a way developed during this period to record history and is found in several historiographic documents during this period (Thomason, 2005, Pp. 51). Overview of the Objects:? i) The Sickle Swor d 13th Century B.C. Middle Assyrian Period Source: www.metmuseum.org This curved sword belonged to the Middle Assyrian period, during the 1307 - 1275 B.C. in Mesopotamia. It is made of bronze and contains cuneiform inscriptions on it which mentions the name of the then ruler and King of Assyraia, thus indicating the period and the owner to whom it belongs. The sword has inscriptions on three different places i.e. on both the sides of the blade as well as on the edge / handle. It is called a ‘sickle’ sword because of its unusual curved shape (Bromiley, 1995, Pp. 1037). In ancient Mesopotamia almost all the swords used were sickle shaped and in fact, straight edged swords came into use much later after the end of the first millennium B.C.E. The unique quality about these sickle shaped swords was that they were considered to be very effective for slashing, rather than stabbing during warfare and the shape made it easier to harm the enemy (Bertman, 2003, Pp. 264; Bromiley, 1995). Another quality of these swords was that it was made from one single piece of metal, thus eliminating the need to attach a handle separately, which made it sturdier than the other types of swords (Gabriel, 1990, Pp. 44). The sickle sword first appeared during the Middle Bronze Age II in various places throughout Mesopotamia. It was believed to be an improvement from the battle axe which was used during the previous years. It was used during the reign of the Assyrian king Adadnirari I (Shalev, 2004, Pp. 55). ii.) Cylinder seal, 13th century B.C. Middle Assyrian period Source: www.metmuseum.org, Somervill, 2009, Pp. 22 These seals or 'stamps' were used during the middle Assyrian period as a way of stamping / signing important documents. The cylindrical object i.e. the pipe shaped objects were used to identify individuals. These seals were carved from various materials such as wood, limestone, ivory, and other similar hard materials / stones. The carving on each of these seals / stamps was unique just like signatures. The seals were used for marking goods, letters and for signing official documents. These cylinders first appeared during the 3500 B.C.E and were used continuously throughout the Assyrian period (Somervill, 2009, Pp. 22). These seals were considered to be one of the finest artifacts as well as a significant achievement of the ancient Mesopotamian civilization. The cylinder seals were first created by the Sumerians and were used in the